Department of Materials Science
and Engineering
Charles M. White Metallurgy Building
Phone 368-4230; Fax 368-3209
Joe Payer
Materials science and engineering is a discipline that extends from the basic science of materials structure and properties to the design and evaluation of materials in engineering systems. Most engineers--mechanical, civil, chemical, electrical--work with materials on the job, and many become well acquainted with the properties of the materials they use most often. The role of a materials engineer is to understand why materials behave as they do under various conditions; to recognize the limits of performance that particular materials can attain; and to know what can be done during the manufacture of materials to meet the demands of a given application.
The Department of Materials Science and Engineering of the Case School of Engineering offers programs leading to the Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Master of Science, and Doctor of Philosophy degrees. The department conducts academic and research activities with metals, ceramics, composites, and electronic materials. Increasingly, the demands for new materials, and for improved materials in existing applications, transcend the traditional categories. The technological challenges that materials engineers face will continue to demand a breadth of knowledge across the spectrum of engineering materials.
Materials science draws on chemistry in its concern for bonding, synthesis, and composition of engineering materials and their chemical interactions with their environment. Physics provides a basis for understanding the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of materials, as well as the tools needed to ascertain the structure and properties of materials. Mathematics is used throughout materials manufacture and analysis. Ultimately, however, materials is an engineering discipline, bringing basic science tools to bear on the technological challenges related to materials products and their manufacture.
Joe H. Payer, Ph.D. (Ohio State University)
Professor and Chairman
Electrochemistry and corrosion; reliability and life prediction; corrosion monitoring and sensors; polymer/metal adhesion
Robert M. Aikin, Jr., Ph. D. (Michigan Technological University)
Associate Professor
Metal and composite processing; solidification; microstructural development; phase equilibria; in situ composites; intermetallics; structure-property relationships.
James D. Cawley, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Great Lakes Associate Professor of Ceramic Processing
Powder processing of ceramics; aggregation phenomena; oxidation, diffusion, and solid state reactions; silicate and active metal brazing of ceramics; ceramic matrix composites.
Mark R. DeGuire, Ph.D. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Associate Professor
Electrical and magnetic properties of ceramics, including superconductors and fuel cell materials; high-temperature phase equilibria; defect chemistry; solidification of ceramics; Mossbauer spectroscopy.
Arthur H. Heuer, Ph.D., D.Sc. (University of Leeds, England)
Kyocera Distinguished Professor
Transformation toughening and plastic deformation of ceramics; phase transformations in ceramics; biological ceramics; interphase interfaces in advanced structural composites; high resolution and analytical electron microscopy.
Peter Lagerlof, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Assistant Professor
Electron microscopy; high temperature mechanical properties of single crystal and polycrystal oxide and nitride ceramics; oxygen diffusion in oxide ceramics.
John J. Lewandowski, Ph.D. (Carnegie-Mellon University)
Associate Professor
Mechanical behavior of materials; microstructure/property relationships; micromechanisms of deformation and fracture; environmental degradation materials; brittle fracture of steels; composite materials; ductile phase toughening of brittle materials; high-pressure deformation and fracture studies; hydrostatic extrusion.
Gary M. Michal, Ph.D. (Stanford University)
LTV Steel Associate Professor
Physical metallurgy; rapid solidification technology; application of rapid annealing to nonequilibrium precipitation reactions; transmission electron microscopy; surface science; composite materials; interfacial phenomenon.
P. Pirouz, Ph.D. (Imperial College of Science and Technology, England)
Professor
Defects in semiconductors; heteroepitaxial growth of electronic materials; diffraction theory; transmission electron microscopy and its applications in materials science; fiber-reinforced composites; synthetic growth of diamond.
Gerhard E. Welsch, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Professor
Metallic materials; titanium, tungsten, steels and metal-matrix composites; mechanical and high-temperature properties; ion implantation for surface modification integral structure design.
Wendell S. Williams, Ph.D. (Cornell University)
Professor
Application of solid-state physics to complex real materials; thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of hard compounds of refractory metals; characterization of archaeological materials and art objects; electromechanical transduction of biological materials.
Alfred R. Cooper, Jr. D.Sc. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Properties and structure of glasses; phase transformations; transport phenomena.
Alexander Troiano, Sc.D. (Harvard University)
Phase transformations in steels; titanium alloys; stress corrosion cracking.
John F. Wallace, S.M. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Process metallurgy; casting; solidification; welding; failure
John Angus, Ph.D. (University of Michigan)
Professor of Chemical Engineering
Eric Baer, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins University)
Leonard Case Professor of Macromolecular Science
Stanley A. Brown, D. Eng., (Dartmouth)
Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Donald L. Feke, Ph.D. (Princeton University)
Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering
George Fischer
Associate Professor
BP America, Cleveland, Ohio
Terrance Mitchell
Professor
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM
Arturo Rodriguez
Professor
Universidad Sevilla, Spain
Manfred Ruhle
Professor
Rolf Steinbrech
Professor
University of Dortmund, West Germany
Peter Wieser
Associate Professor
Wieser & Associates, Cleveland, Ohio
Hans-Joachim Moller, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Institute for Semiconductor Technology, Hamburg, Germany
Bachelor of Science in Engineering Degree
FRESHMAN
FALL SEMESTER
CHEM 105, Principles of Chemistry I (3-0-3)(b)
CMPS 131, Elementary Computer Programming (3-0-3)
ENGL 150, Expository Writing (3-0-3)
MATH 121, Calculus for Science and Engineering I (4-0-4)
PHED 101, Physical Education Activities (0-3-0)
Open elective or humanities/social science (3-0-3)(d)
Total (16-3-16)
SPRING SEMESTER
CHEM 106, Principles of Chemistry II (3-0-3)(b)
CHEM 113, Principles of Chemistry Laboratory (1-3-2)
MATH 122, Calculus for Science and Engineering II (4-0-4)
PHYS 120, General Physics I (4-0-4)(c)
PHED 102, Physical Education Activities (0-3-0)
Humanities/social science or open elective (3-0-3)(d)
Total (15-6-16)
SOPHOMORE
FALL SEMESTER
CHEM 301, Introduction to Physical Chemistry (3-0-3)(e)
EMSE 101, Introduction to Materials Science (3-0-3)(e)
EMSE 102, Materials Science Seminar (1-0-1)
MATH 223, Calculus for Science and Engineering III (3-0-3)
PHYS 219, General Physics II (4-0-4)
Humanities or Social Science Sequence I (3-0-3)
Total (17-0-17)
SPRING SEMESTER
ECMP 251, Numerical Methods (3-0-3) or
PHYS 249, Mathematical Physics and Computing (3-0-3) or
EMAE 250, Computers in Mechanical Engineering (3-0-3)
EMSE 111, Materials Laboratory I (0-3-2)
EMSE 202, Phase Diagrams & Phase Transformations (3-0-3)
MATH 224, Elementary Differential Equations (3-0-3)
Humanities or Social Science Sequence II (3-0-3)
Total (15-3-17)
JUNIOR
FALL SEMESTER
ECIV 110, Mechanics (3-0-3)(e)
EEAP 240, Electronic Circuits I (3-2-4)(e)
EMSE 203, Applied Thermodynamics (3-0-3)
PHYS 205, General Physics Laboratory (0-4-2)
Humanities or Social Science Sequence III (3-0-3)
Open Elective (3-0-3)
Total (15-6-18)
SPRING SEMESTER
EMSE 211, Materials Laboratory II (0-3-2)
EMSE 260, Transport Phenomenae (4-0-4)
EMSE 303, Mechanical Behavior of Materials (3-0-3)
Open elective (3-0-3)
ENGL 398, Professional Communication (2-0-2)
Humanities or Social Science Sequence IV (3-0-3)
Total (15-3-17)
SENIOR
FALL SEMESTER
EMSE 301, Fundamentals of Materials Processing (3-0-3)
EMSE 302, Fundamentals of Materials Processing Laboratory (0-3-1)
EMSE 317, Diffraction Principles and Applications (3-2-4)
EMSE 314, Electronic, Magnetic, and Optical Prop. of Materials (3-0-3)(e)
Technical elective (3-0-3)
Humanities or social science elective (3-0-3)
Total (15-5-17)
SPRING SEMESTER
EMSE 313, Engineering Applications of Materials (3-0-3)
EMSE 398, Materials Projects Laboratory (0-6-3)
Humanities or social science elective (3-0-3)
Technical elective (3-0-3)
Technical elective (3-0-3)
Total (12-6-15)
Hours required for graduation: 133 plus engineering graphics proficiency.(a)
a By completing EMAE 192 as an open elective or passing a graphics proficieny exam.
b Selected students may be invited to take CHEM 107-108, Properties and Structure of Matter I-II, in place of Chem 105-106.
c Selected students may be invited to take PHYS 125, 126, General Physics I,II-Honors, in place of an open elective and PHYS 120.
d One of these courses must be in the humanities or social sciences.
e Engineering Core Courses.
The following courses are approved technical electives in Materials Science & Engineering. A student may focus on an area of particular interest by choosing courses from one category, but this is not required. Students may request approval of other elective sequences by submitting a written petition justifying their choices to the DMSE Undergraduate Studies Committee.
Materials Science
- EIND 250, Production Systems Management
- EMAC 270, Introduction to Polymer Science
- EMSE 316, Applications of Ceramic Materials
- EMSE 427, Dislocations in Solids
- EEAP 309, Electromagnetics Fields I
- EEAP 321, Physical and Solid State Electronics (prereq: EEAP 309)
- PHYS 335, Introduction to Solid State Physics
- EMSE 401, Transformations in Materials
- EMSE 404, Diffusion Processes in Solids and Melts
- EMSE 405, Dielectric, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Materials
- EMSE 417, Properties of Materials at High Temperatures
- EMSE 419, Phase Equilibria and Microstructure of Materials
- EMSE 421, Fracture of Materials
- EMSE 424, Properties of Metallic Ceramics
- EMSE 429, Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry
- EMSE 430, Grain Boundaries, Interfaces, and Surfaces of Materials
Metals Engineering
- ECIV 210, Strength of Materials
- EIND 250, Production Systems Management
- EMSE 307, Foundry Metallurgy
- EMSE 427, Dislocations in Solids
- ECIV 410, Advanced Strength of Materials
- ECIV 415, Modeling and Experimental Methods
- EMSE 401, Transformations in Materials
- EMSE 407, Solidification
- EMSE 409, Deformation Processing of Metals
- EMSE 411, Environmental Effects on Materials Behavior
- EMSE 417, Properties of Materials at High Temperatures
- EMSE 418, Oxidation of Materials
- EMSE 420, Powder Processing
- EMSE 421, Fracture of Materials
- EMSE 427, Dislocations in Solids Ceramics
- ECIV 210, Strength of Materials
- EIND 250, Production Systems Management
- EMSE 316, Application of Ceramic Materials
- ECIV 410, Advanced Strength of Materials (prereq: ECIV 210)
- EMSE 402, Glassy State
- EMSE 403, Modern Ceramic Processing
- EMSE 405, Dielectric, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Materials
- EMSE 417, Properties of Materials at High Temperatures
- EMSE 419, Phase Equilibria and Microstructure of Materials
- EMSE 421, Fracture of Materials
- EMSE 424, Properties of Metallic Ceramics
- EMSE 427, Dislocations in Solids
- EMSE 429, Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry
Electronic Materials
- EEAP 243, Electronic Circuits Laboratory(f)
- EEAP 244, Electronic Circuits, Signals, & Systems(f)
- EIND 250, Production Systems Management
- EEAP 309, Electromagnetic Fields I
- EEAP 321, Semiconductor Electronic Devices
- PHYS 333, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
- PHYS 335, Introduction to Solid State Physics
- EMSE 401, Transformations in Materials
- EMSE 405, Dielectric, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Materials
- EMSE 426, Semiconductor Technology
f EEAP 243 and 244 together can be substituted for EEAP 240 and 4 hours of technical electives.
In addition to the Bachelor of Science degree program in Materials Science and Engineering, the department also offers a minor in Materials Science and Engineering. This sequence is intended primarily for students majoring in science or engineering, but it is open to any student with a sound background in introductory calculus, chemistry, and physics.
This program requires the completion of 5 courses with a minimum of 15 credit hours, of which a maximum of 6 hours can be counted toward the student's major. All students will be required to take EMSE 101 (3) and four of the following courses:
- EMSE 202, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations (3)
- EMSE 203, Applied Thermodynamics (3)
- EMSE 260, Transport Phenomena (4)
- EMSE 301, Fundamentals of Materials Processing (3)
- EMSE 303, Mechanical Behavior of Materials (3)
- EMSE 307, Foundry Metallurgy (3)
- EMSE 313, Engineering Applications of Materials (3)
- EMSE 314, Electrical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties (3)
- EMSE 316, Applications of Ceramics (3)
- EMSE 317, Diffraction Principles and Applications (4)
Prof. Mark DeGuire (412 White; x-6481) is the academic adviser for this program and will assist students with their course selection.
The department offers programs leading to the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees with research specialties in metallurgy, ceramics, electronic materials, and materials science. A broad range of studies of the theory, properties, and engineering behavior of materials is encompassed in the academic courses and research within the department, with primary areas of specialization in materials processing, physical metallurgy, mechanical metallurgy, physical ceramics, electronic materials, intermetallics, composites, corrosion, biomaterials and archaeological and art historical materials. Interdisciplinary programs in materials science and engineering are available in cooperation with several research centers and other engineering departments, particularly biomedical engineering, mechanical and aerospace engineering, chemical engineering and electrical engineering as well as with the physics and chemistry departments.
Five technical thrust areas identify the current interests and future directions of the department:
Deformation and Fracture
Determination of the relationships between structure and mechanical behavior of traditional and advanced materials: steel, aluminum, zirconia, intermetallics, and composites. Recent major investments in mechanical test facilities, including hydrostatic extrusion, high temperature and triaxial compression.
Materials Processing
Casting, ceramic processing, powder metallurgy, rolling, swaging, and forging. Renewal of faculty strengths through two new hires: Rob Aikin-Casting/Solidification and Jim Cawley-Ceramic Processing. Major renovation of facilities is underway.
Environmental Effects
Corrosion, oxidation, adhesion and wear. Electrodeposited coatings on steel, epoxy/metal adhesion, disbonding of pipeline coatings, reliability of electronics, corrosion sensors. Upgrading and consolidation of environmental stress facilities is required and underway.
Surfaces and Interfaces
Free surfaces, grain boundaries, metal/ceramic, polymer/metal composite interfaces. Recent major investment in electron-optical techniques: transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microcopy and surface spectroscopies. Conventional and advanced techniques for chemistry and structure. Atomic scale resolution.
Electronic, Magnetic and Optical Materials
Electrical ceramics-fuel cells and superconductors, electronic materials-silicon and gallium arsenide, thin film materials, electromechanical transduction, optical fibers.
The department's processing laboratories include facilities which permit materials processing from the liquid state (casting) as well as in the solid state (powder processing). The department has its own foundry that houses mold making capabilities (green and bonded sand, permanent mold, and investment casting), induction melting furnaces of various capabilities for air melting of up to 1600 pounds, a dual chamber vacuum induction melting unit with a capacity of up to 30 pounds, a 100 ton squeeze casting press, and state-of-the-art testing and characterization equipment. The Crystal Growing Laboratory has facilities for production of high purity electronic single crystals using a variety of furnaces with the additional capability of solidifying under large magnetic fields. Secondary processing and working can be accomplished using a high-speed hot and cold rolling mill, swaging units, and a state-of-the art hydrostatic extrusion press. The department has heat treatment capabilities including numerous box, tube, and vacuum furnaces.
For the processing of powder metals or ceramics the department possesses a 300,000 pound press, two vacuum hot presses (with capabilities of up to 50,000 pound applied load and 2000deg.C), A hot isostatic press (2000deg.C and 30 kst), a 60 ksi wet base isostatic press, and glove boxes. Sintering can be performed in a variety of controlled atmospheres while a microcomputer-controlled precision dilatometer is available for sintering studies. Several ball mills, shaker mills, and a laboratory model attritor are also available for powder processing. In addition, facilities are available for sol-gel processing, glass melting, diamond machining; a spray dryer is available for powder granulation.
The Mechanical Testing Facility permits the determination of mechanical behavior of materials over loading rates ranging from static to impact, with the capability of testing under a variety of stress states under either monotonic or cyclic conditions. A variety of furnaces and environmental chambers are available to enable testing at temperatures ranging from -196 C to 1800 C. The facility is operated under the guidance of a full-time engineer.
The facility contains one of the few laboratories in the United States for high-pressure deformation and processing, enabling experimentation under a variety of stress states and temperatures. The equipment in this state-of-the-art facility includes:
High Pressure Deformation Apparatus: This unit enables tension or compression testing to be conducted under conditions of high hydrostatic pressure. The apparatus consists of a pressure vessel and diagnostics for measurement of load and strain on deforming specimens, as well as instantaneous pressure in the vessel. Pressures up to 1.0 GPa, loads up to 10kN, and displacements of up to 25 mm are possible.
Hydrostatic Extrusion Apparatus: Hydrostatic extrusion (e.g. pressure-to-air, pressure-to-pressure) can be conducted at temperatures up to 300 C on manually operated equipment interfaced with a computer data acquisition package. Pressures up to 2.0 GPa are possible, with reduction ratios up to 6 to 1, while various diagnostics provide real time monitoring of extrusion pressure and ram displacement.
High Pressure/High Temperature Deformation Apparatus: In addition to the units described above, testing at temperatures up to 1000 C and 1.0 GPa are possible on a recently designed and constructed apparatus which permits conventional hot isostatic pressing (i.e. HIP) as well as triaxial compaction. Experiments can be conducted under load, strain, or stroke control on this servo-hydraulically controlled machine.
The remainder of the equipment in the Mechanical Testing Facility is summarized below:
Servo-hydraulic Machines: Four MTS Model 810 computer-controlled machines with load capacities of 3 kip, 20 kip, 50 kip, and 50 kip, permit tension, compression, and fatigue studies to be conducted under load-, strain-, or stroke control. Fatigue crack growth may be monitored via a dc potential drop technique as well as via CRAK gages applied to the specimen surfaces. Fatigue studies may be conducted at frequencies up to 30 Hz.
Universal Testing Machines: Four INSTRON screw-driven machines, including two INSTRON Model 1125 units permit tension, compression and torsion testing.
Electromechanical Testing Machine: A computer-controlled INSTRON Model 1361 can be operated under load-, strain-, or stroke control. Loading rates as slow as 1 gm/hour are possible.
Fatigue Testing Machines: Three Sonntag fatigue machines and two R. R. Moore rotating-bending fatigue machines are available for producing fatigue-life (S-N) data. The Sonntag machines may be operated at frequencies up to 60 Hz.
Creep Testing Machines: Five constant load frames with temperature capabilities up to 800 C permit creep testing, while recently modified creep frames permit thermal cycling experiments as well as slow cyclic creep experiments.
Impact Testing Machines: Three Charpy impact machines with capacities ranging from 20 ft-lbs to 240 ft-lbs are available. Accessories include a Dynatup instrumentation package interfaced with an IBM PC enable recording of load vs. time traces on bend specimens as well as on tension specimens tested under impact conditions.
Instrumented Microhardness Testing: A Nikon Model QM High-Temperature Microhardness |Tester has been instrumented to provide load vs. indentation time information on specimens tested at temperatures ranging from -196 C to 1600 C under vacuum and inert gas atmospheres. This unit is complemented by a Zwick Model 3212 Microhardness Tester as well as a variety of Rockwell Hardness and Brinell Hardness Testing Machines.
These facilities include equipment for corrosion, oxidation, and adhesion and wear studies. A wide range of environments can be simulated and controlled: a) Aqueous corrosion: atmospheric, immersion and high pressure/high temperature in autoclaves and b) Oxidation: single and mixed gases over a range of temperatures and pressures. Special items include: electrochemical test equipment, environmental cracking test equipment, vacuum equipment for permeation studies, high sensitivity Cahn eletrobalances for thermogravimetric studies and polymer/metal adhesion test fixtures..
Three microscopes are available that provide virtually all transmission electron optical techniques needed for materials research and involve an installed capacity worth $2,000,000. The microscopes available are i) a JEOL 4000 EX 400 keV high resolution machine (point-to-point resolution of 0.18 nm) equipped with a GATAN TV camera (and requisite software for rigorous image interpretation); ii) a Philips CM20 200 keV analytical electron microscope equipped with a Tracor Northern high purity Ge energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) detector, a GATAN parallel electron energy loss spectrometer (PEELS) (the combination permitting microanalysis with ~10 nm spatial resolution for all elements between boron and uranium), and a GATAN image intensifier TV system; and iii) a JEOL 200CX 200 keV microscope for general purpose microstructural analysis and for teaching.
Conventional TEM techniques, such as electron diffraction, bright- and dark-field imaging, and weak-beam dark-field (WBDF), are used routinely to analyze line defects (dislocations) and planar defects (for example, stacking faults) in materials. Specialized techniques, such as convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) can be used to obtain crystallographic information and determine orientation relationships between different grains in polycrystalline materials, or between different phases in composite materials. The chemistry of microscopic regions (regions between dissimilar phases, or interfacial phases formed by reactions between the matrix and reinforcements) can be investigated using analytical TEM.
Specimen preparation facilities for transmission electron microscopy consist of dimplers, two ion-thinners with four ports, and two electropolishing units for TEM specimen thinning.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectrochemical analysis provide valuable specimen investigation with great depth of field and realistic three-dimensional imaging at magnifications up to 100,000X. Determination of the topography of nearly any solid surface is possible. Spectrochemical studies are possible with the use of both wavelength and energy dispersive systems capable of detecting elements from boron to uranium. The SEM facilities include a JEOL JSM 840 electron microscope with a resolution of 4 nm equipped with wavelength and energy dispersive analysis capabilities (Tracor Northern system), a JEOL JSM 840A machine with 2.5 nm resolution equipped with a thin window Tracor Northern EDS system (suitable for light element analysis down to boron) and an in situ tensile stage, and a JEOL JSM 35X SEM with a PG EDS system and 6 nm resolution. This microscope has available a prototype Kossel detector for obtaining diffraction patterns from surfaces with 50 nm spatial resolutions.
The Center for Surface Analysis of Materials (CSAM) enjoys state-of-the-art characterization of metal, alloy, ceramic, and polymer surfaces. These tools include a Scanning Auger Microprobe (SAM) (PHI 660 unit) for elemental analysis of surfaces and mapping, and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), which provides surface sensitivities for species in the part per billion range. A PHI model 5300 instrument provides X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS or ESCA) capability, which produces information concerning chemical states. The latter two instruments are particularly useful for ceramic and polymer surfaces. With specimen heating, cooling, and depth profiling capabilities directly incorporated in these devices, subsurface regions and interfaces in composite structures, as well as at thin film substrate interfacial regions, can be examined and fully characterized.
The Electronic Characterization Laboratory is equipped for research studies and characterization of electrical properties of semiconductors and other electronic materials. The facility includes a deep level transient Spectroscopy System (DLTS) for the characterization of deep level impurities in semi-conductors, conductance and capacitance measurement techniques, a Hall effect system, and a scanning-tunneling microscope.
The X-ray laboratory contains diffraction equipment for study of the structures of ceramics, metals, polymers, minerals, and single crystals of organic and inorganic compounds. Most use is made by the department of a fully automated X-ray diffractometer (Philips ADP 3250).
The department is equipped with a Digital Micro-VAX II computer with 16-Mbytes of memory. The system comes with a VMS operating system and both 456-Mbyte and 600-Mbyte Winchester disks, clustered with a VAXstation 2000 and a DECstation 5000 with other networking capabilities. A number of software packages including a FORTRAN compiler, full word-processing, etc. are available. It is served by several VT220 terminals, one LN03R laser printer, and an LA100-BA hard copy printer.
The department also maintains a computer lab expressly for student use. This facility houses one IBM compatible and two Macintosh computers networked to an Apple LaserWriter II NT printer, plus one Macintosh and one IBM compatible computer hooked up to CWRUnet, a DECnet terminal, and a VAXstation 2000 with a large screen high resolution color display.
Materials Science and Engineering (EMSE)
EMSE 101. Introduction to Materials Science (3).
Bonding, structure, and atomic arrangement in metals, ceramics, semiconductors, and polymeric materials. Principles of processes for microstructural control to obtain desired mechanical and physical properties in materials. Prerequisite: CHEM 105 or 107.
EMSE 102. Materials Seminar (3).
Topical lectures by faculty on current areas of materials research serving to complement the concepts introduced in EMSE 101. General discussion of overall curriculum and educational objective. Prerequisite: EMSE 101, can be taken concurrently.
EMSE 103. Materials in Sports (3).
The key role played by the various species of materials used in the manufacture of sports equipment in the conduct of the sport and in achievement in the sport. Material species include wood, leather, rubber, metal fiberglass, and textiles. Sports include both competitive and recreational activities such as football, baseball, hockey, skiing, fishing, boating, etc. Modern manufacturing processes used in the production of equipment. Relation between performance characteristics and basic structure of the materials from which the equipment is made. Demonstration experiments and guest lectures by sports experts, as well as the customary lecture-recitation meetings.
EMSE 111. Materials Laboratory I (3).
Experiments designed to evaluate the microstructure of materials and to evaluate their mechanical and other physical properties: Metallography by optical and scanning election microscopy, mechanical testing, electrical and thermal conductivity, binary phase diagram evaluation. Prerequisite: EMSE 101, EMSE 202 may he taken concurrently.
EMSE 202. Phase Diagrams and Transformations (3).
Diffusion processes, equilibrium diagrams of alloys: solid solutions, phase mixtures, ordering, intermediate phases, binary and ternary diagrams. Thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural aspects of transformation and reactions in condensed systems. Transformations in alloys: phase transformations near equilibrium, precipitation hardening, martensite reactions. Prerequisite: EMSE 101.
EMSE 203. Applied Thermodynamics (3).
Basic thermodynamics principles as applied to materials. Application of thermodynamics to material processing and performance including condensed phase and gaseous equilibria, stability diagrams, corrosion and oxidation, electrochemical and vapor phase reactions. Prerequisites: CHEM 301.
EMSE 211. Materials Laboratory II (3).
Four groups of experiments running three to four weeks each with approximately three hours of lab time each week. Experiments include: heat-treatment of several steel compositions; processing of an aluminum alloy with melting, casting, forging, and heat treatment measurement of the strength and deformation of glass, LiF single crystals and other nonmetallic materials; galvanic EMFs between couples of various metals. A formal written report with documentation of the experiments and analysis of the results is required for each group of experiments. ENGL 398, technical writing, is associated with EMSE 211. Prerequisite: EMSE 111.
EMSE 260. Transport Phenomena (4).
Fundamentals of momentum transport, mass transport, and heat transport from a unified point of view. Application of these principles to various phenomena in metallurgy and materials science quantitatively treated. Prerequisite: EMSE 202 and MATH 224.
EMSE 301. Fundamentals of Materials Processing (3).
Basic relation of theoretical information to the processes by which materials are made into engineering components. Forging, welding, casting, cold-forming, and powder fabrication. Visits to commercial material processing plants for demonstrations of processes. Graded pass-fail. Prerequisites: EMSE 101, 202, and 203.
EMSE 302. Fundamentals of Materials Processing Laboratory (1).
Demonstration of basic processes of materials fabrication and processing. Graded pass-fail.
EMSE 303. Mechanical Behavior of Materials (3).
Basic stress-strain relationships, elastic constraints. External microstructural mechanisms in deformation parameters affecting the mechanical behavior of materials. Characteristics of single phase and multi-phase materials. Prerequisites: EMSE 101 and ECIV 110, or consent of instructor.
EMSE 307. Foundry Metallurgy (3).
Nucleation and growth phenomena applied to the solidification of metals. Application of thermodynamics to molten metal reactions and principles of fluid flow and heat transfer to gating and risering techniques. Prerequisite: EMSE 202, 203, and 260.
EMSE 313. Engineering Applications of Materials (3).
Optimum use of materials taking into account not only the basic engineering characteristics and properties of the materials, but also necessary constraints of component design, manufacture (including machining), abuse allowance (safety factors), and costs. Interrelations among parameters based on total system design concepts. Case history studies. Systems of failure analysis. Prerequisites: EMSE 202, ECIV 110, and consent of instructor.
EMSE 314. Electronic, Magnetic, and Optical Properties of Materials (3).
Atomic theory; free electron theory; Fermi-Dirac statistics; density of states; band theory; Brillouin zones. Metals, insulators, and semiconductors. Fermi surface, effective mass; holes, intrinsic, and extrinsic semiconductors. Mobility of carriers; p-n junctions; depletion layer; Zener and avalanche diodes; Esaki diode; Bipolar transistor; field-effect transistor; MOST. Paramagnetism; diamagnetism; ferromagnetism; antiferromagnetism; ferromagnetism. Luminescence; lasers masers; superconductivity. Prerequisite: EMSE 101 and PHYS 220, or consent of instructor.
EMSE 316. Applications of Ceramic Materials (3).
Engineering applications of ceramics. Survey of processing techniques. Thermal and mechanical properties: strength, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, stress corrosion. Electrical properties: electrical conductivity, dielectric properties, piezo- and ferro-electricity. Glass manufacture and structure-property relationships. Prerequisite: EMSE 101, and junior or senior standing or consent of instructor.
EMSE 317. Diffraction Principles and Applications (4).
Use of x-rays, electrons, and neutrons for diffraction studies and chemical analysis of materials. Fundamentals of crystallography, crystal structures of simple metals, semiconductors and ceramics. Reciprocal lattice and diffraction; stereographic projections; powder patterns and analysis of unknowns; Laue patterns and orientation of single crystals; Fourier transforms and Fourier analysis; electron microscopy and electron diffraction analysis of defects. A laboratory is included with, Debye Scherrer powder patterns; Laue photographs; EDS analysis; SEM and TEM. Prerequisite: MATH 224, PHYS 220, EMSE 101.
EMSE 396. Special Project or Thesis (credit as arranged).
Special research projects or undergraduate thesis in selected material areas. Prerequisite: Senior standing.
EMSE 397. Special Projects or Thesis (credit as arranged).
Special research projects or undergraduate thesis in selected material areas. Prerequisite: Senior standing.
EMSE 398. Materials Project Lab. (3).
Independent search project. Projects selected from those suggested by faculty; usually entail original research. Prerequisite: Senior standing.
EMSE 399. Materials Project Lab. (3).
Independent research project. Projects selected from those suggested by faculty; usually entail original research. Prerequisite: Senior standing.
EMSE 401. Transformations in Metals and Alloys (3).
Allotropy, order-disorder, recrystallization, austenite decomposition, and the martensite transformation. Prerequisite: EMSE 202 or equivalent.
EMSE 402. Glassy State (3).
Inorganic, metallic, and polymeric glasses. Transport phenomena. Kinetics of crystallization. Glass transition, ordering parameters. Use of scattering to determine atomic arrangements. Optical and mechanical properties. Crystallized glasses. Prerequisite: EMSE 314.
EMSE 403. Modern Ceramic Processing (3).
Fundamental science and technology of modern ceramic powder processing and fabrication techniques. Powder synthesis techniques. Physical chemistry of aqueous and non-aqueous colloidal suspensions of solids. Shape forming techniques; extrusion; injection molding slip and tape casting; dry, isostatic, and hot isostatic processing. Prerequisite: EMSE 316 or equivalent, or consent of instructor.
EMSE 404. Diffusion Processes in Solids and Melts (3).
Development of the laws of diffusion and their applications. Carburization and decarburization oxidation processes and phase transformations. Prerequisites: EMSE 202 or equivalent.
EMSE 405. Dielectric, Optical & Magnetic Properties of Materials (3).
Electrical properties of nonmetals: ionic conductors, dielectrics, ferroelectrics, and piezo-electrics. Magnetic phenomena and properties of metals and mides, including superconductors. Mechanisms of optical absorption in dielectrics. Optoelectronics. Applications in devices such as oxygen sensors, multilayer capacitors, soft and hard magnets, optical fibers, and lasers. Prerequisites: EMSE 314 and 413 or equivalents, or consent of instructor.
EMSE 407. Solidification (3).
Fundamental science of solid-liquid phase transformations and the application of these basics to the solidification processing of materials. Includes nucleation and growth, heat and solute transport, rapid solidification, and an overview of solidification processing on resulting microstructure. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 409. Deformation Processing of Metals (3).
Application of the laws of macroplasticity to wire, tube and deep drawing, extrusion, forging, rolling, bending, and metal cutting. Prerequisite: EMSE 303 or equivalent.
EMSE 411. Environmental Effects on Materials Behavior (3).
Aqueous corrosion; principles and fundamental concepts; recognition of modes; monitoring and testing methods to control and prediction. Applications of engineering problems, design, and economics. Mixed potential theory, principles of protection, hydrogen effects, and behavior in metal systems. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 412. Materials Science and Engineering Seminar (0).
EMSE 413. Fundamentals of Materials Engineering and Science (3).
Provide a background in materials for graduate students with undergraduate majors in other branches of engineering and science: reviews basic bonding relations, structure, and defects in crystals. Lattice dynamics; thermodynamic relations in multicomponent systems; microstructural control in metals and ceramics; mechanical and chemical properties of materials as affected by structure; control of properties by techniques involving structure-property relations; basic electrical, magnetic and optical properties.
EMSE 414. Thermal Properties and Point Defects in Crystalline Materials (3).
Thermal properties of crystalline materials -thermal expansion, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and thermal shock resistance will be considered. A tensorial framework applicable to these and other properties of crystals will be included. Finally, the variety of point defects present at high temperature as equilibrium aspects of crystals will be discussed. Prerequisites: Graduate standing.
EMSE 417. Properties of Materials at High Temperatures (3).
Thermophysical properties: specific heat, thermal expansion, electrical and thermal conductivity. Temperature dependence of elastic constants. Thermodynamic principles for the stability of microstructures at high temperature. Strengthening mechanisms. Stress relaxation and damping. Creep deformation. Thermal fatigue and thermal shock. Fracture mechanisms. Refractory metals, superalloys, intermetallic compounds, carbon, ceramic materials. Protective coatings. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 418. Oxidation of Materials (3).
Thermodynamics of metal oxidation reactions, defects and diffusion in oxide, film formation, stress effects in oxidation, and experimental techniques. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 419. Phase Equilibria and Microstructure of Materials (3).
The multicomponent nature of most material systems require understanding of phase equilibria and descriptions of microstructure. Attention will be given to phase equilibria in multicomponent (ternary and higher) systems, and the stereological description of the microstructure of multi-phase systems. Prerequisite: Graduate standing.
EMSE 420. Powder Processing (3).
Metal powder production and characterization. Compaction and sintering mechanisms and practices. Hot consolidation of metal powders. Effects of atmospheres. Diffusional homogenization processing. Applications of powder metallurgy. Several guest speakers from powder metallurgy industry around Cleveland. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 421. Fracture of Materials (3).
Micromechanisms of deformation and fracture of engineering materials; ductile fracture and strengthening mechanisms. Strength, toughness, fatigue and testing techniques. Composite materials and toughening of brittle materials will be covered. Prerequisites: ECIV 110, EMSE 303 or 427 or equivalent.
EMSE 424. Properties of Metallic Ceramics (3).
Presentation of the unusual thermal, electrical, optical and mechanical properties of a currently interesting class of compounds -carbides and borides of transition metals - having electronic conductivity but covalent hardness. Interpretation and correlation of these properties from the perspective of solid state physics is emphasized. Prerequisite: EMSE 314 or consent of instructor.
EMSE 426. Semiconductor Technology (1).
Fundamental science and technology of modern semiconductors. Thin film technologies for electronic materials. Crystal growth techniques. Introduction into device technology. Defect characterization and generation during processing, properties of important electronic materials for device applications. Prerequisites: EMSE 314 or equivalent.
EMSE 427. Dislocations in Solids (3).
Elasticity and dislocation theory; dislocation slip systems; links and dislocation motion; jogs and dislocation interactions, dislocation dissociation and stacking faults; dislocation multiplication, applications to yield phenomena, work hardening and other mechanical properties. Prerequisites: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 428. Materials Science in Archaeology and Art (3).
This course applies the principles and methods of materials science and engineering to the study of object of archaeological and art historical importance. The course is organized to exemplify the Materials Science & Engineering "tetrahedron" being promoted by the recent national report synthesis and processing/structure/properties/performance. It will discuss metals (bronze, brass, iron, gold, silver); ceramics (pottery, porcelain, enamel); natural materials (wood, ivory, honey stone (quartzite, obsidian, green-stone, sandstone, marble).
It will include deterioration of materials (corrosion of metals, erosion of stone surface). Analytical methods will be presented and used (SEM, XRD, AES, XPS).
Thus the content of the course will be familiar, except that the objects studied will be different from the more conventional high-tech materials. The case-study approach will be utilized to illustrate the methods, materials, and issues.
EMSE 429. Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry (3).
Crystal symmetries, point groups, translocation symmetries, space lattices, crystal classes, space groups, crystal chemistry, crystal structures and physical properties. Prerequisite: Graduate standing.
EMSE 430. Grain Boundaries, Interfaces, and Surfaces in Materials (3).
Geometrical concepts for grain boundaries, interfaces and surfaces in different lattice structures. Electronic structure of two dimensional systems in semiconductors. Interaction of grain boundaries/interfaces with impurities (segregation and precipitation) and of surfaces with foreign atom (physical/chemical adsorption).
Influence of grain boundaries/interfaces on mechanical and electronic properties. Polycrystalline materials - preparation and properties. Prerequisites: Graduate standing or consent of instructor.
EMSE 504. Thermodynamics of Solids (3).
Review of the first, second, and third laws of thermodynamics and their consequences. Stability criteria, simultaneous chemical reactions, binary and multicomponent solutions, phase diagrams, surfaces, adsorption phenomena. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 511. Failure Analysis (3).
Methods and procedures for determining the basic causes of failures in structure and components. Recognition of fractures and excessive deformations in terms of their nature and origin. Development and full characterization of fracture. Legal, ethical, and professional aspects of failure analysis. Individual solutions to actual failures from service. Prerequisites: EMSE 202, 303, ECIV 110 (or equivalent courses and background), and consent of instructor.
EMSE 512. Advanced Techniques in Electron Microscopy (3).
Advanced techniques for transmission electron microscopy, including high resolution electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, secondary and backscattered electron imaging, microdiffraction, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, and electron energy loss spectroscopy and convergent beam electron diffraction. Applications to microchemical analysis and microstructural analysis of crystals and defects. Prerequisites: EMSE 515 and 516. Limited to 10 students.
EMSE 514. Defects in Semiconductors (3).
Presentation of the main crystallographic defects in semiconductors; point defects (e.g. vacancies, interstitials, substitutional and interstitial impurities, line defects (e.g. dislocations), planar defects (e.g. grain boundaries). Structural, electrical and optimal properties of various defects. Interpretation of the properties from the perspective of semiconductor physics and materials science and correlation of these defects to physical properties of the material. Experimental methods for the investigation and characterization of defects, including TEM, EBIC, CL, DLTS, etc. Prerequisites: EMSE 426.
EMSE 515. Analytical Methods in Materials Science-Lecture (3).
The common advanced analytical methods used in materials science are TEM, SEM, SAM, SIMS, and ESCA. These acronyms will be defined and the theory and application of each will be explained. Prerequisites: Consent of instructor.
EMSE 518. Analytical Methods in Materials Science-Laboratory (3).
A laboratory course designed to assume proficiency in TEM, SEM, SIMS, and ESCA. Prerequisites: Coregistration with EMSE 515 (Lecture).
EMSE 601. Independent Research. (credit as arranged).
EMSE 649. Special Projects in Materials Science and Engineering (credit as arranged).
Prerequisite: Consent of department head.
EMSE 651. Thesis (M.S.) (credit as arranged).
Required for master's degree. A research problem in metallurgy, ceramics, electronic materials, biomaterials or archeological and art historical materials, culminating in the writing of a thesis.
EMSE 701. Dissertation (Ph.D.) (credit as arranged).
Required for Ph.D. degree. A research problem in metallurgy, ceramics, electronic materials, biomaterials or archeological and art historical materials, culminating in the writing of a thesis.
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