Case Western Reserve University
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Department of History


106 Mather House
Phone 368-2380; Fax 368-4681
Michael Grossberg

The Department of History offers a comprehensive undergraduate and graduate programs in American history, the history of technology and science, social policy history, and the history of law.

Historical studies are sometimes categorized as humanistic studies and sometimes among the social sciences. Allied with both traditions, historians seek an understanding of the past by analyzing societies and how they change over time. The Department of History offers instruction within the political and economic frameworks that have formed the customary basis of historical studies, and it also has developed special emphases in social, intellectual, and legal perspectives that allow instruction and research on such topics as childhood, family structure, aging, and comparative social history. Courses in history, or a formal major or minor in history, have traditionally been attractive to students as preparation for a wide variety of career and professional interests, including teaching, law, government, journalism, and such public history activities as archival administration, historical museum administration, restoration and preservation of historic sites, and editing.

FACULTY

Michael Grossberg, Ph.D. (Brandeis University)
Associate Professor and Chair
American legal and social history
Michael Altschul, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins University)
Professor
Middle Ages and Renaissance; medieval England
David C. Hammack, Ph.D. (Columbia University)
Professor
American social and urban policy history
Catherine E. Kelly, Ph.D. (University of Rochester)
Assistant Professor
Early American history, women's history, cultural, social and intellectual history
Kenneth F. Ledford, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins University)
Assistant Professor
Modern German history
Miriam R. Levin, Ph.D. (University of Massachusetts)
Assistant Professor
Industrial culture; European technology, museum studies
Catherine Lynch, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Assistant Professor
Asian history
Kimberley Phillips, Ph.D. (Yale University)
Assistant Professor
African American history, labor history, women's history
Carroll W. Pursell, Ph.D. (University of California, Berkeley)
Adeline Barry Davee Professor
History of technology
Alan J. Rocke, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Professor
History of science; history of chemistry; science, technology and society
Jonathan Sadowsky, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins University)
Assistant Professor
African history, comparative history, cultural anthropology, medical history
Carl Ubbelohde, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin)
Henry Eldridge Bourne Professor
Early American history; history of Canada
David D. Van Tassel, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin)
Hiram C. Haydn Professor
American social and intellectual history; aging studies
Angela Woollacott, Ph.D. (University of California, Santa Barbara)
Assistant Professor
Modern British and women's history

ADJUNCT FACULTY

James M. Edmonson, Ph.D. (University of Delaware)
Adjunct Assistant Professor and Curator, Howard Dittrick Museum of Historical Medicine
History of technology; museum studies
Patsy A. Gerstner, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Adjunct Associate Professor and Chief Curator, Historical Division, Cleveland Health Sciences Library
History of medicine; museum studies
John Grabowski, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Curator of Manuscripts, Western Reserve Historical Society
Immigration; Cleveland
Dennis Harrison, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Adjunct Assistant Professor and University Archivist
Archival administration
Theodore A. Sande, Ph.D. (University of Pennsylvania)
Adjunct Professor
Executive Director, Western Reserve Historical Society
Architecture; material culture
Lois Scharf, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Adjunct Associate Professor
American history, women's history

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM

The department offers these basic undergraduate history programs: the history major leading to the Bachelor of Arts degree, available in three options (the regular major, the Lambda Core-based major, and the teacher certification major); the history minor and sequence, the Honors Program, and the Integrated Graduate Studies Program (IGS). The Department encourages student participation in the Junior Year Abroad program.

Students electing a major, a minor, or a sequence in history must consult a departmental advisor each semester for guidance in planning their schedules. In addition, the Department of History and the Department of Philosophy together offer an undergraduate major in the history and philosophy of science and technology. The History Department also participates in, and contributes courses to American studies, the Asian civilizations major and minor, and the interdisciplinary programs in German area studies, international studies, and women's studies.

Major

The history major may be elected in any one of three formats:
  1. The regular major, which requires a minimum of 30 hours in history courses, including HSTY 112-113 (core courses), 250 (Issues and Methods in History), 398 (Undergraduate Research Seminar), an elective course in Asian history, an elective course in the history of technology, and a concentration (4 courses, 12 hours) in one of the following areas: North American history, European history, Asian history, the history of technology and science.
  2. The Lambda Core-based major, which requires 30 hours of history including HSTY 112-113 (core courses), HSTY 250 (Issues and Methods in History), one course in Asian history and one course in the history of technology, a 9 hour concentration in North American history, European history, Asian history, or the history of technology and science, and a year-long (6 credit) Senior Project.
  3. The teacher certification major, which requires 30 hours of history including HSTY 112-113 (core courses), HSTY 131 (Introduction to Asian History), a course in the history of technology, HSTY 250 (Issues and Methods in History), HSTY 398 (Undergraduate Research Seminar),12 additional hours of American and World History courses to be chosen from a specific set of electives, and 26 hours of professional education courses offered through CWRU and John Carroll University.

Minors and Sequences

A minor in history is available to all students in the College of Arts and Sciences, and the Case School of Engineering. It consists of 15 hours in history including 112-113 (core courses) and three additional courses, chosen in consultation with the advisor, in one of the areas of concentration offered by the Department (North American history, European history, Asian history, the history of technology and science).

A 12-hour sequence is also available to all students in the Case School of Engineering, and includes HSTY 112-113 (core courses), plus two additional courses chosen in consultation with the adviser in one of the areas of concentration offered by the Department (North American history, European history, Asian history, the history of technology and science).

Departmental Honors

Qualified students will be invited by the department to enter and participate in the Senior Honors Program. Those enrolling will register for HSTY 399, Senior Honors Colloquium, for one credit hour in the spring semester of the senior year. Students will participate in a variety of activities addressing the nature of history as a craft and a discipline.

Integrated Graduate Studies

The Department of History participates in the Integrated Graduate Studies Program. Interested students should note the general requirements and procedures of the Graduate School, but must also consult the departmental advisor about the specific requirements, guidelines, and opportunities for IGS in history.

Advanced Placement Credit

Students with Advanced Placement (AP) scores of 4 or better will receive three semester hours of college credit, applicable to the total number of credits required for graduation as well as to any major, minor, or sequence in history. AP credit may not be applied to the HSTY 112 and 113 core courses.

GRADUATE PROGRAMS

M.A. Programs

The department offers a program leading to the M.A. in history, and one leading to the M.A. in history/J.D. double degree. Applicants for these programs must submit scores on the GRE aptitude test or a comparable standardized test, and three letters of recommendation. The department recommends, but does not require, an undergraduate major in history. Each of these programs requires 27 hours of course work, and can be completed in one academic year. Each of the M.A. programs in history features 6 hours of carefully supervised work on a master's thesis, a work of original research based on primary sources. The general M.A. can be in African, American, Asian, or European history. The Department of History and the School of Law have adopted a joint J.D./M.A. program. Students must be admitted to both the history graduate and law schools, and they can achieve their degrees in either three and one-half years or three years and two summers of study, completing a total of 106 hours including the double credit, up to nine hours, allowed under the program.

PH.D. PROGRAMS

Social Policy History Program
The Social Policy History Program is designed to prepare students for careers either as analysts and administrators of social policy or as teachers and researchers in college or university history departments. The program defines social policy broadly, to include not only welfare, family and juvenile matters, aging, and public health but also education, cultural policies regarding museums, libraries, and similar agencies, and labor. Applicants for Social Policy History Ph.D. program must submit scores on the GRE aptitude test and three letters of recommendation. The program does not require an M.A. in history, and has admitted several students with J.D., M.S.W., library science, and other degrees, but it often requires that students with limited backgrounds in U.S. history take extra course work.

More tightly structured than the traditional Ph.D., the social policy program requires 18 hours of course work beyond the M.A. or other post-baccalaureate degree; comprehensive oral examinations in the U.S. history and in history of social policy, comparative history, and a cognate field; and a dissertation. The social policy program also requires that each student complete a policy-related internship; recent internships have been completed with the Cleveland Federation for Community planning, the Interchurch Council of Greater Cleveland, the Bureau of Jewish Education, the Sisters of Charity of St. Augustine, and the Hathaway Brown School. The program was established in 1988; already its graduates have already accepted positions at social and hospital agencies in Cleveland and Atlanta, and at the Universities of Notre Dame and Idaho, Cleveland State University, and Case Western Reserve University.

The Department of History also offers a traditional Ph.D. program in U.S. history. Application requirements differ from those for the social policy history program only in that an M.A. in history is very strongly recommended. This program also requires 18 hours of course work beyond the M.A., comprehensive oral examinations in the general field (U.S. history from the colonial period to the present); in a major field (a period or subfield of U.S. history), and in two cognate fields, at least one of which is in a field other than U.S. history.

History of Technology and Science Program
The program in the history of technology and science was established in 1961 and was the first in the nation to emphasize both these important areas of study. An integral part of the Department of History, the program provides areas of particular strength in the social and cultural history of technology, both American and European, technology and science policy, the history of the physical sciences since the Renaissance, gender issues in technology and science, and the history of medical technology.

The course of study for the Ph.D. in the history of technology and science includes the M.A. requirements, a reading knowledge of one language in addition to English, written and oral qualifying examinations, and a dissertation. While most graduates of the program teach in universities, others work in museums, archives, or deal with science policy questions as government staff in Washington, D.C. Excellent library facilities reinforce the urban, industrial environment, to make Case Western Reserve University an attractive location for the study of the history of technology and science.

FACILITIES FOR HISTORICAL RESEARCH AT CWRU

Case Western Reserve University, the other institutions in its University Circle neighborhood, and the Cleveland area in general offer excellent facilities for historical research. These facilities are especially strong in the fields of social policy and the history of technology, science and medicine. The university's libraries' extensive collections in these fields are significantly augmented by the holdings of the Allen Memorial Library in the history of medicine and public health, and of the Western Reserve Historical Society in regional economic, social, nonprofit, ethnic, African-American, and Jewish history. Both the Allen and the Western Reserve Historical Society library are adjacent to the campus. The Cleveland Public Library, just five miles from campus in downtown Cleveland, is the third largest public library in the U.S.; it maintains excellent research collections in Ohio, U.S. and British history, technology and business.

History (HSTY)

UNDERGRADUATE COURSES

HSTY 112. Introduction to American History (3).

History of the United States from the first settlements to the present. Emphasis on themes such as colonization, political and social revolution, slavery and race relations, industrialism, and nationalism. HSTY 112 and 113 may be used to satisfy the Western Reserve Core requirement in history and culture.

HSTY 113. Introduction to Modern World History (3).

The history of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in global context. Emphasis on the forces that have created or shaped the modern world: industrialization and technological change; political ideas and movements such as nationalism; European imperialism and decolonization; and the interplay of cultural values. HSTY 112 and 113 may be used to satisfy the Western Reserve Core requirement in history and culture.

HSTY 131. Introduction to Asian History (3).

(Also listed as ASIA 131.) Chinese and Japanese civilization; the foundations of traditional society (Confucianism, Shintoism, Buddhism) the impact of the West on these cultures.

HSTY 151. Technology in European Civilization (3).

The nature and role of technology in Western Civilization, from the Industrial Revolution to the present. Emphasis on the social, cultural, political and economic significance of technology in European history.

HSTY 152. Technology in America (3).

Origins and significance of technological developments in American history from the first settlements to the present. Emphasis on the social, cultural, political and economic significance of technology in American history.

HSTY 196. Energy and Society (3).

Global and national perspectives on the problems of energy supply and demand, global warming, oil cartels, solar, nuclear and wind energy, energy history, politics and economics of fossil fuels and alternative energy sources.

HSTY 200. The Ancient World (3).

(Also listed as CLSC 201) Ancient history from the origins of civilization in Mesopotamia to the dissolution of the Roman Empire in the West.

HSTY 201. Science in Western Thought I (3).

The development of man's thinking about the universe and his relation to it, as part of his culture, from pre classical civilizations to the age of Newton. Science as an activity separate from, but united with, other humanistic activities. HSTY 201 and 202 may be used to satisfy the Western Reserve Core Curriculum requirement in science.

HSTY 202. Science in Western Thought II (3).

The development of man's thinking about the universe and his relation to it, as part of his culture, from Newton to the modern age. Science as an activity separate from, but united with, their humanistic activities. HSTY 201 and 202 may be used to satisfy the Western Reserve Core Curriculum requirement in science.

HSTY 203. Natural Philosophy (3).

See PHIL 203, Natural Philosophy.

HSTY 211. The Medieval World, 300-1500 (3).

Medieval history and civilization from the fall of the Roman Empire to the age of the Renaissance. Interactions between medieval Europe and other Mediterranean and Eurasian cultures.

HSTY 212. Modern European History (3).

The historical background of, and course of, modern European history, stressing the history of the 20th century from a variety of political, social, and cultural perspectives.

HSTY 221. Medieval and Tudor-Stuart England (3).

English history from Anglo-Norman times through the Tudor and Stuart age; kings and kingship, the growth of Parliament, the common law, international politics, and England's relations with Celtic Britain.

HSTY 222. History of Modern England (3).

Survey of English history, 1700-present, with some attention also to Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. Politics, the industrial revolution, 20th century decline, and the role of women, class, and region in British social history.

HSTY 223. The Rise and Decline of the British Empire (3).

This course traces the history of the British Empire, one of the geographically largest and politically most powerful empires of the modern world. Begins with the foundations of the British colonies in the Americas, traces through the height of the Empire in the late 19th C., and then follows its decline and the process of decolonization in the 20th C. Examine the British Empire in its military, political, economic, social, and ideological facets.

HSTY 250. Issues and Methods in History (3).

Methodological introduction to historical research. Students use a variety of qualitative and quantitative data to study and solve historical problems. Prior computer experience or statistical knowledge not required. Specific topics and instructors normally vary from year to year.

HSTY 253. Technology and American Culture (3).

American technology is a cultural phenomenon, a part of, rather than separate from, common concerns. Examines technology through historical writings, literature, pictures, and both material and popular culture.

HSTY 254. The Holocaust (3).

See RELG 254.

HSTY 255. The Economic History of the United States (3).

The growth of the American economy from the colonial period to the present. Social and cultural, as well as economic, causes of growth; the political context, the distribution of income and wealth.

HSTY 256. American Political History (3).

From the origins of American politics in the colonial period to the present. The Revolution and Constitutional debate. Presidential politics and leadership, voters and voting patterns, congress and the courts. Emphasis both on the ideas that have animated American politics and on the relation of politics to society.

HSTY 257. Immigrants in America (3).

This course will examine American immigration within the context of international migration patterns and review U.S. immigration historiography.

HSTY 259. Modern African History (3).

African history from pre-historic man through the development of the modern people in Africa. Also covered are the Egyptian, Islamic and Sudanic civilizations and the impact of European trade, penetration, conquest and occupation and subsequent African nationalism leading to independence.

HSTY 260. Slavery and Emancipation (3).

This course begins with the African encounter with Europeans during the emergence of the modern slave trade. Students will be introduced to the documents and secondary literature on the creation and maintenance of slavery, first in colonial America, and then in the United States. The course will conclude with the destruction of slavery and the collapse of Reconstruction.

HSTY 264. American Constitutional History (3).

The historical development of American constitutional law from the creation of the United States Supreme Court in the 1780s to the present. Economic development and civil rights and such influential legal personalities as John Marshall and Earl Warren. The use of constitutional cases as tools in historical analysis.

HSTY 266. The Engineer in America (3).

History, culture, polities, ethical considerations, and gender issues of the engineering profession in the United States.

HSTY 267. History of Canada (3).

The history of Canada, from its French and English colonial origins to the present day. The continuing problems of federalism and cultural diversity.

HSTY 272. History of Sports in America (3).

History of organized, role defined games (sports) in America emphasizing relationship of baseball, football, basketball, and boxing to variables such as race, gender, and class, and to urbanization, commercialization, and technological charges.

HSTY 279. War in the Modern World (3).

The various types of wars fought in the last three centuries - religious, dynastic, national, imperialistic, guerilla - their technological and ideological origins, their morality, and the efforts made to prevent or to eliminate them.

HSTY 281. Traditional China (3).

(Also listed as ASIA 281.) The political, social, and intellectual history of traditional China. Art and literature; China's foreign relations.

HSTY 282. Modern China (3).

(Also listed as ASIA 282.) Modern China, concentrating on the continuous upheavals that have shaped its history in the past century, from the Taiping Rebellion and Opium Wars of the mid-nineteenth century to the death of Mao. The western challenge, the fall of the last dynasty, the Nationalist and Communist revolutions.

HSTY 285. Modern Japan (3).

(Also listed as ASIA 285.) From the Meiji Restoration to the Occupation. The transition from a traditional society to a modern state, the nature of capitalism and democracy in Japan, the crisis of imperialism.

HSTY 297. Biography as History: the 19th Century (3).

The 19th-century world - the era of democratic revolutions, nationalism, imperialism, and the industrial revolutions seen though the lives of individuals.

HSTY 299. Biography as History: the 20th Century (3).

The 20th-century world--the era of world wars, superpowers, and anti-colonial revolution--as seen through the lives of individuals.

HSTY 302. Ancient Greece: Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic Periods (3).

(Also listed as CLSC 302.) The rise of Hellenic thought and institutions from the eighth to the third centuries B.C., the rise of the polis, the evolution of democracy at Athens, the crises of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars, fifth century historiography, the growth of individualism, and the revival of monarchy in the Hellenistic period.

HSTY 304. Ancient Rome: Republic and Empire (3).

(Also listed as CLSC 304.) Growth and development of the Roman state from the unification of Italy in the early third century B.C. to the establishment of the oriental despotism under Diocletian and Constantine. The growth of empire in the Punic Wars, the uncertain steps toward an eastern hegemony, the crisis in the Republic from the Gracchi to Caesar, the New Regime of Augustus, the transformation of the leadership class in the early Empire, and the increasing dominance of the military over the civil structure.

HSTY 305. Technology, Empire and Development (3).

Technology has been both a means and a cause of foreign expansion from the days of imperialism through those of international aid. Both American and European expansion are covered.

HSTY 306. Engineering in History (3).

A social history of engineering since the Renaissance. The emergence of engineering in Europe, the rise of the American engineering professions, and the role of engineers in American society in this century.

HSTY 307. Development of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (3).

The development of chemical ideas; theories of matter, composition, structure, and reaction; the application of chemistry and chemical theory from antiquity to the 20th century.

HSTY 308. The Italian Renaissance, 1350-1600 (3).

Political and cultural history of Renaissance Italy. Florence, Venice, Rome, and the development of humanism. Extensive reading of major writers such as Machiavelli.

HSTY 309. Reformation Europe, 1500-1650 (3).

Origins and development of Protestantism, the Catholic Counter-Reformation, and the interaction between secular power and religious identity in Christian Europe.

HSTY 310. The French Revolutionary Era (3).

Causes, progress, and results of the internal transformation of France from 1789 to 1815; impact of revolutionary ideas on other European and non-European societies.

HSTY 311. Europe in the 19th Century (3).

European society from 1815 to 1914. Economic development and political change.

HSTY 313. Women in Modern European History (3).

This course looks at modern European history from the perspective of women's experience. It will consider women's productive roles in society, their familial roles, as well as changes in their legal status and their rights and responsibilities in the public sphere.

HSTY 317. Europe and the World on the Eve of World War I (3).

Institutions and values of Europe in the era of that continent's greatest power and influence over the non-European world.

HSTY 320. Women in Modern British History (3).

Women in Britain from the 18th Century to the present. Topics include women's productive work, the organized women's movement, education and the professions, sexuality and birth control, changes in legal status, class and racial differences.

HSTY 330. French Society and Culture, 1789 to the Present (3).

Examines the changing character of French society from the end of the ancient regime to the present. Emphasis on using social history, and literary and artistic production of the period as a way to explore the social realities of industrializing and contemporary France.

HSTY 332. European Diplomacy in Age of Nationalism, 1789-1945 (3).

This course presents a broad and sweeping interpretation of the development of the international system in Europe between the French Revolution of 1789 and the end of the European era in 1945. It explains why and how the closed European state system at the beginning of the nineteenth century evolved into an international, transcontinental system by the early twentieth century.

HSTY 333. Modern French History (3).

The polarization of French intellectual life from the commune, through the Boulanger and Dreyfus affairs, to the rise of communism and fascism, to the fall of France in 1940, the fall of the Fourth Republic in 1958, and the student uprising of 1968.

HSTY 334. History of Nineteenth Century Germany (3).

This course examines the political, social, conomic, and cultural history of Germany from the late eighteenth century to 1914. It explores the intellectual and social background to the rise of German liberalism and nationalism, the struggle with bureaucratic absolutism, the revolutions of 1848, industrial capitalism and the emergence of a class society, unification under Bismarck, the role of the stae, culture, religion, and changes of mentality, the development of mass politics, and the coming of World War I.

HSTY 335. History of Twentieth Century Germany (3).

This course examines the tumultuous history of Germany from 1914 to the unification of the two Germanies in 1989-90. From the totalizing and traumatic experience of World War I, through a failed revolution the republican experiment of Weimar, the National Socialist dictatorship under Hitler and the divided Germany suspended between the superpowers, the newly unified democratic Federal Republic. The course examines the ways in which Germans have tried to reconcile the state to their society, economy, and individual lives.

HSTY 342. Russia Since the Revolution (3).

Beginning with the background to the Russian Revolutions of 1905 and 1917, this course will explore the rise and fall of the communist system of the Soviet Union. It will examine the radical upheavals imposed upon the Russian and other peoples of the Soviet Union, the Stalinist autocracy, post-Stalinist attempts to make the system work, the superpower era, sclerosis and stagnation, glasnost and perestroika, coup and collapse.

HSTY 348. Political and Social Thought in the Machine Age (3).

Explores the responses of economist writers, philosophers, cultural critics, and public policy makers to changes in western society wrought by industrialization, by focusing on their concerns with technological change.

HSTY 350. Gender Issues in the History of Technology and Science (3).

The social construction of gender as it is embodied in the theory and practice of technological and scientific development. How these fields are shaped by and interact with women and men.

HSTY 351. Colonial America, 1607-1763 (3).

The formative years of American society and culture. Slavery and racism, expansionism, regionalism, the modern family, pluralism, sense of mission, and republican ideology.

HSTY 352. The Creation of the American Republic, 1763-1815 (3).

The causes and consequence of the American Revolution, the formation of the American Republic, and the early years of the new nation. Federalism and republicanism as theories and in application, and the role of the Americans' experience in the age of democratic revolutions.

HSTY 353. Women in American History I (3).

The images and realities of women's social, political, and economic lives in early America. Uses primary documents and biographies to study individuals and groups of women in relation to legal, religious, and social restrictions.

HSTY 354. Women in American History II (3).

With HSTY 353, forms a two-semester introduction to women's studies. The politics of suffrage and the modern woman's efforts to balance marriage, motherhood, and career. (HSTY 353 not a prerequisite.)

HSTY 355. The Age of the American Civil War, 1815-1880 (3).

Development of sectional and racial antagonisms from the second war with Great Britain to the close of the Reconstruction experiment. Political, ideological, and cultural distinctions between North and South, as well as problems of class, labor, and religious diversities.

HSTY 356. Industrial America, 1888-1940 (3).

The social, economic, and political adaptation of American society to the industrial age. The impact of industrialism on such current historical problems as technological change, race relations, social reform, urbanization, and political participation.

HSTY 358. America Since 1940 (3).

Major developments emerging from World War II; domestic politics from the Fair Deal through Watergate to the New Federalism; foreign policies from the Cold War to reassessments following the Vietnam War; "revolutions" in American society to the present.

HSTY 359. Race in American Social and Cultural Thought (3).

This course will explore the social and cultural construction of race in American social thought. Topics for discussion will range from race in the age of European exploration, to slavery and the post-bellum years, to 20th century cultural thought. In addition, the course will address the ways in which racial thought has shaped American politics, social policy, and culture. The readings, lectures, discussions and assignments will stress the interrelated but unique experiences of the various racial groups in the United States.

HSTY 360. American Foreign Policy Since 1900 (3).

The underlying economic, political, and cultural forces that influenced policy formation from the end of the Spanish American War through the aftermath of the Vietnam War. The development and function of the national and international apparatus of foreign relations from the consular service, world court and cartels to the CIA, United Nations, and international corporations.

HSTY 361. American Social History (3).

History of American society from the European settlement to the present. Emphasis on the role of race, class, ethnicity, and gender in shaping that society as reflected in the family, job, community, and state.

HSTY 362. American Social and Cultural History Since 1865 (3).

History of the nationalization of new economic, political, social, scientific, and aesthetic ideas and their embodiment in the development of professions, social movements, and cultural institutions.

HSTY 364. City in American History (3).

Rise of cities and triumph of urbanization in America from colonial period to present. Life in colonial, frontier, industrial and contemporary cities. Reasons for urban change and growth. History of urban planning and design.

HSTY 365. Introduction to GenderStudies (3).

This course introduces female and male students to the principles of feminist critical analysis. An interdisciplinary course, this class will cover methods used to examine gender in philosophic, literary, historical, economic, cultural and scientific contexts, and so is recommended for students in a variety of majors. [This course is a requirement for the Women's Studies minor.]

HSTY 366. Science, Technology and Government (3).

Traces the development and effects of federal technology and science policies from colonial times to the present, with emphasis on the 20th century.

HSTY 367. Early American Legal History (3).

Examines the creation of a distinctive American legal culture. Focus on the relationship between law and social change during the years from the colonial era to the Civil War. Lectures, discussions, and analysis of legal documents.

HSTY 368. Modern American Legal History (3).

Examines the workings of the modern American legal system from the Civil War to the present. Focus on the relationships between the law and social, economic, and professional change. Lectures, discussions, and analysis of legal documents.

HSTY 370. Crime and Punishment in American Historical Perspective (3).

(Also listed as SOCI 371.) The changing patterns of social and criminal behavior and the evolution of methods of controlling disorder. Prison and police policies, mobs and political violence, racial uprisings, organized crime and the interplay of social conditions and individual and group deviations, from colonial beginnings to the present.

HSTY 372. American Labor History (3).

Impact of industrialization and technology on the American labor force. Traditional areas of labor history: trade unions, strikes, industrial conflict and compromise, radical politics. Changes in the social characteristic of the work force, in the psychology of work, and in the working class culture.

HSTY 373. The Child/Adolescent in America, 1690 - Present (3).

Case-study analyses of the historical development of the modern ideas of childhood and adolescence as formative stages of life, and the role of such ideologies in American society.

HSTY 374. The History of Old Age in Western Society (3).

The history of attitudes toward and status of the elderly as reflected in literature, art, and social institutions. The development of retirement and pension systems, social security, institutionalization, social gerontology, and geriatric medicine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

HSTY 377. Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control (3).

National and international problems concerning nuclear weapons, and the past and present attempts both to control their spread and to prevent their use. Topics covered include the science and technology of fission and fusion warheads and delivery vehicles; history, domestic politics, and international relations concerning nuclear weapons; and arms control treaties and their verification.

HSTY 378. History of the American Environment (3).

American attitudes toward and modifications of our environment are traced from colonial times to the present. Lectures, films and readings address the origins, dimensions, and suggested solutions of environmental problems in the United States, and how these relate to global problems as well.

HSTY 383. The People's Republic of China (3).

(Also listed as ASIA 383.) The development of Chinese Communist theory and practice from 1949 to the current reforms. The problems involved in attempting to establish a socialist state and society while engaging in industrial development.

HSTY 384. The Modern Arab World (3).

An introduction to the Arab countries of the Middle East. After a brief survey of the rise of Islam in the 7th century and the Arab Conquests, the course will emphasize developments in the 19th and 20th centuries and the emergence of the Arab nations. Special attention will be paid to the question of Palestine; the Lebanese civil war; Egypt under Nasser and Sadat; the impact of the discovery of petroleum; the conflicts between Iraq and its neighbors; and the tensions between traditional modes of life and modernization in Islamic society.

HSTY 386. Marxism and China (3).

(Also listed as ASIA 386.) Marx's ideas and their interpretation by successive generations of Chinese in this century. The elect of the Chinese environment on the reception of Marxism, the impact of Marxist ideas on modern China.

HSTY 390. Seminar in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (3).

(Also listed as PHIL 390.) Required of major in the history and philosophy of science and technology.

HSTY 395. History of Medicine and Medical Technology (3).

An exploration of the development of medical thought and practice from antiquity through the end of the nineteenth century. Particular focus on the rise of the medical profession American medical institutions and the development and impact of medical technologies (instruments, machines, systems).

HSTY 396. Special Readings in the History of Science and Technology (1-3).

Independent study. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

HSTY 397. Undergraduate Tutorial (1-3).

Individual instruction with member of the history faculty. Prerequisite: 12 hours of history and consent of instructor.

HSTY 398. Undergraduate Research Seminar (3).

Training in the nature and methods of historical writing and research. Offered every semester in at least one section; topics and instructors vary. Required at least once of history majors. Prerequisite: Standing as a history major or consent of instructor.

HSTY 399. Senior Honors Colloquium (1).

Familiarization with the varying activities that comprise and define the historian's calling, including discussions of major works of historical interpretation, visits to historical data collections, and similar experiences of a practicum type. Prerequisite: By invitation of the Department. Available only in Spring.

GRADUATE COURSES

HSTY 401. Survey of the History of Science I (3).

A graduate-level review of the history of the sciences, from antiquity to the seventeenth century.

HSTY 402. Survey of the History of Science II (3).

A graduate-level review of the history of the sciences, from the seventeenth century to the present.

HSTY 404. Introduction to the Non-Profit Sector (3).

(See MAND 401.)

HSTY 451. Survey of the History of Technology I (3).

A graduate-level review of the history of technology, from antiquity to the industrial revolution.

HSTY 452. Survey of the History of Technology II (3).

A graduate-level review of the history of technology, from the industrial revolution to the present.

HSTY 453. Women in American History I (3).

(See HSTY 353.)

HSTY 454. Women in American History II (3).

(See HSTY 354.)

HSTY 470. History and the Social Sciences (3).

The uses of social science methods for the historian. The framing of researchable problems, evaluation of data from historical sources, and use of quantitative methods in historical research. Prerequisite: graduate standing or permission of instructor.

HSTY 474. The American Family in Legal and Historical Perspective (3).

(See LAWS 513.) Limited to 14 (7 from the School of Law and 7 from history).

Open to graduate students or senior history majors. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

HSTY 475. Seminar in Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control (3).

(See HSTY 377.)

HSTY 476. Foundations of Social Policy (3).

Seminar that introduces students to the history of social policy in the 19th and 20th centuries; analyses of policies relating to juvenile delinquency, old age, poverty and social welfare, crime and punishment, mental illness, and public health.

HSTY 477. Social Policy in America Since 1900 (3).

A historical perspective on social policy and policy-making in the United States during the twentieth century. Emphasis will be placed on the private as well as public institutions that make policy and on the increasing role of the federal government. Social security, child welfare, education, workers' compensation, and public health and medical care will be among the policy areas examined.

HSTY 478. Dilemmas of Modern Social Policy: Ohio/Ontario Historical Experiences (3).

Analysis of the creation and application of a variety of social policies in a Canadian province and an American state from the late 19th century to the present. Locates the indigenous and the transnational sources of modern social policy by comparing the ideas and actions taken by private and public agencies in such areas as education, crime, and public health.

HSTY 480. Public Policy and Aging (3).

Overview of public policies affecting aging and impact of population aging on public policies. Contemporary policy dilemmas, policy choices for the future, and political contents of such dilemmas and choices. (See also GERO 496).

HSTY 495. History of Medicine and Medical Technology (3).

(See HSTY 395.)

HSTY 496. Introduction to Museum Studies I (3).

Cooperative lecture and reading course with frequent museum tours and guest lecture from local museums, Philosophy and purposes of museums, history of museums and collections (generally and in the United Stats), and various types of museums - art, history, science and technology; art associations and centers; school and private galleries; college and university museums; company museums; historic houses and societies; outdoor museums; and preservation projects.

HSTY 497. Graduate Independent Study (1-3).

Independent readings and research programs with individual members of the faculty. Limited to M.A. students. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and graduate adviser.

HSTY 498. Archives and Historical Manuscript Collections (3).

The history of archives and the development of American archival theory and practice, including evaluation, arrangement, and description of archival materials; research in archives and manuscripts: preservation techniques; problems in the acquisition and use of original source materials.

HSTY 499. Special Topics in Museum Studies (3).
HSTY 507. Seminar in History of Chemistry (3).

(See HSTY 307.)

HSTY 561. Seminar in the Historiography of Science and Technology I (3).

The bibliography research methods and problems, history, and philosophy of the history of science and technology. Required of all graduate students. Prerequisite or corequisite: HSTY 401 and 402, or 451 and 452; or equivalents.

HSTY 598. Seminar and Supervised Practicum in Archival Administration (3).

In-service training in the handling of manuscript materials. Each student works on special projects, assuming responsibility for evaluation, arrangement, and description of collections; training facilities available at the Ohio Historical Society, Western Reserve Historical Society, and University Archives. Prerequisite: HSTY 498.

HSTY 599. Historical Museum Methods and Problems (3).

Internship in methods of registration, conservation, exhibition, interpretation, and administration. Students spend 8 to 10 hours each week in the Howard Dittrick Museum of Historical Medicine or the Western Reserve Historical Society under professional supervision. Prerequisite or corequisite: HSTY 496.

HSTY 601. Independent Study (credit as arranged).
HSTY 611A. Graduate Seminar M.A. (3).

Historiographical and methodological issues in historianship. Practical experience in research and writing on historical topics. For masters students.

HSTY 611B. Graduate Seminar Ph.D. (3).

Historiographical and methodological issues in historianship. Practical experience in research and writing on historical topics. For Ph.D. candidates.

HSTY 651. Thesis (M.A.) (credit as arranged).
HSTY 693. Reading Tutorials in European History (3).

Supervise independent reading in preparation for the doctoral comprehensive examination. Limited to Ph.D. candidates. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and graduate adviser.

HSTY 694. Reading Tutorials in American History (3).

Supervised independent reading in preparation for the doctoral comprehensive examination. Limited to Ph.D. candidates. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and graduate adviser.

HSTY 695. Reading Tutorials In Asian History (3).

Supervised independent reading in preparation for the doctoral comprehensive examination. Limited to Ph.D. candidates. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor and graduate advisor.

HSTY 698. Directed Reading in Archival Literature (3).

Independent study, in conjunction with HSTY 598. Prerequisite: HSTY 498.

HSTY 699. Supervised Practicum in Research and Teaching (3).

Individual supervision of doctoral candidate engaged in the research and teaching programs of the department. Prerequisite: Consent of graduate adviser.

HSTY 701. Dissertation (Ph.D.) (credit as arranged).

Limited to Ph.D. candidates actively engaged in the research and writing of their dissertations. Prerequisite: Consent of graduate adviser.




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General Bulletin  1993-1996
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