Department of Biology
Biology Building
Phone 368-3558; Fax 368-4672
Norman B. Rushforth
The Department of Biology offers courses leading to the degrees of Bachelor of Science in biology, Bachelor of Arts, Master of Science, and Doctor of Philosophy. Cooperative programs between the Department of Biology and the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, the Cleveland Clinic, and other departments in Case Western Reserve University significantly extend the range of resources available to biology students. Students may conduct individual research projects with faculty in the Biology Department and with faculty in cooperating departments.
The undergraduate programs in biology provide excellent preparation for graduate or professional school programs and for careers in industry and governmental agencies. Students are well prepared for medical, dental, or veterinary schools, or to enter the many specialized graduate programs in the biological sciences. Increasingly, career opportunities are opening up in the developing fields of biotechnology both in industry and government. Elective sequences of courses in areas of biotechnology within the B.A. and B.S. degrees in biology are an excellent preparation for such careers.
Norman B. Rushforth, Ph.D. (Cornell University)
Professor and Chairman, Professor of Adolescent Health, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Epidemiology; animal behavior; population biology
Morris Burke, Ph.D. (University of New South Wales, Australia)
Professor , Professor of Physiology and Biophysics
Biochemistry and physiology of muscle contraction
Arnold I. Caplan, Ph.D. (Johns Hopkins University)
Professor, Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, Director - Skeletal Research Center
Developmental biology and biochemistry; molecular and cellular aspects of muscle, cartilage, and bone development
Hillel J. Chiel, Ph.D. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Neurosciences
Neurobiology and animal behavior; cellular dynamics of neuronal computation
Christopher A. Cullis, Ph.D. (University of East Anglia, United Kingdom)
Professor
Plant molecular biology and genetics; modifications of the information content of plant cells
Valdis A. Dzelzkalns, Ph.D. (Harvard University)
Assistant Professor
Plant molecular and developmental biology
Darhl L. Foreman, Ph.D. (University of Chicago)
Associate Professor
Reproductive physiology
Stephen E. Haynesworth, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor of Orthopaedics
Developmental and aging biology
Joseph F. Koonce, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Systems Engineering
Aquatic ecology; systems ecology
Roy E. Ritzmann, Ph.D. (University of Virginia)
Professor, Professor of Neurosciences
Neurobiology and behavior; physiology
Martin J. Rosenberg, Ph.D. (State University of New York, Stony Brook)
Senior Instructor and Executive Officer
Herpetology
Charles E. Rozek, Ph.D. (Wayne State University)
Associate Professor
Molecular genetics; developmental biology
Carol A. Stepien, Ph.D. (University of Southern California)
Assistant Professor
Evolutionary biology using molecular approaches
Christopher D. Town, Ph.D. (University of London, England)
Associate Professor
Developmental genetics; cell and molecular biology
Joanne Westin, Ph.D. (Cornell University)
Senior Instructor
Neurobiology and behavior; physiology
James E. Zull, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Professor, Professor of Biochemistry
Biological membranes; calcium metabolism; molecular endocrinology; biochemistry
Randall D. Beer, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor of Computer Engineering and Science
Computational neurosciences
Peter L. McCall, Ph.D. (Yale University)
Professor , Professor of Geological Sciences
Paleoecology
Amiya K. Banerjee, Ph.D. (Calcutta University, India)
Adjunct Professor
Department of Molecular Biology
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Molecular biology
Jack R. Battisto, Ph.D. (University of Michigan)
Adjunct Professor
Department of Immunology
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Immunology
James Bissell, M.S. (University of Wyoming)
Adjunct Instructor
Curator of Botany, Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Plant ecology
Martha K. Cathcart, Ph.D. (Case Western Reserve University)
Adjunct Associate Professor
Department of Cell Biology
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Immunology
Michael J. Caulfield, Ph.D. (University of Notre Dame)
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Department of Immunology
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Immunology
Robert P. Davis, Ph.D. (Cornell University)
Associate Professor, Dean of Collegiate Affairs
Developmental biology
Paul E. DiCorleto, Ph.D. (Cornell University)
Adjunct Professor
Department of Cell Biology
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Vascular cell biology
James H. Finke, Ph.D. (University of Missouri, Colombia)
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Department of Immunology
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Immunology
Thomas A. Hamilton, Ph.D. (University of Oregon Health Sciences Center)
Adjunct Professor
General Medical Sciences Department
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Cell and molecular biology of macrophage activation
Marian L. Harter, Ph.D. (Texas Tech University)
Adjunct Associate Professor
Department of Molecular Biology,
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Molecular urology
J. Mary Taylor, Ph.D. (University of California, Berkeley)
Adjunct Professor
Director, Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Reproductive tactics of vertebrates; systematics and biogeography
Sonja Teraguchi, Ph.D. (University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Adjunct Assistant Professor
Curator of Collections
Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Community ecology; insect ecology
Students interested in life sciences can take a major or minor in biology.
Major programs share a core of courses and provide options for specialization in a variety of areas including biotechnology and genetic engineering, molecular and cellular biology, genetics, physiology and biophysics, neurobiology and animal behavior, developmental biology, plant sciences, population biology, ecology, and environmental science. Individual research projects form a significant part of the curriculum for many undergraduates. Advanced biology majors may register, with permission, for graduate-level courses in the Biology Department and within the School of Medicine.
The department offers programs leading to the B.S. and the B.A. Thirty hours of biology are required for both degrees in biology. Both programs feature a five-semester core of lecture courses beginning with BIOL 110, Principles of Biology (3),and include BIOL 205, Chemical Biology (3); BIOL 210, Molecular Cell Biology (3);either BIOL 215, Plant Biology (3) or BIOL 220, Organismal Biology (3); and BIOL 310, Population Biology (3). The remaining 15 hours include laboratory and elective courses. The laboratory requirement consists of four laboratories chosen in the following way: any two from BIOL 111, 211, and 221 (Introductory Biology; Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology; and Physiology); any biology laboratory course (except BIOL 346, 388, 390) and any 300- or 400-level biology laboratory course (except BIOL 346, 388, 390). In addition, six hours of biology electives must be at the 300-level or above.
Biology majors who are candidates for the B.S. degree should take the Case Core program. In addition, they are required to complete a year of organic chemistry and a year of physical chemistry. Students may begin their biology program in the freshman year by choosing biology as their open elective, or they may begin the biology program in their sophomore year. Students should consult the general descriptions of the B.S. degree program in biology for suggested course sequences and requirements.
Biology majors who are candidates for the B.A. may begin their biology program in either their freshman or sophomore years. They are required to complete two years of chemistry (Principles of Chemistry I, II, and Laboratory, and Organic Chemistry I, II, and Laboratory I), one year of calculus, and Introductory Physics I and II, and Laboratory.
All biology majors are required to meet with their departmental adviser at least once each semester to discuss their academic program, and must have their schedule cards and drop-add cards signed by their advisers.
In addition to formal courses, Departmental Seminars in Recent Advances in Biology are held every Thursday afternoon at 4:15 p.m.
Students are encouraged to utilize their elective courses in the biology major to take advantage of concentrations in various specialized areas in the biological sciences. These concentrations have been developed between the Biology Department, the Biological Sciences Departments of the School of Medicine, and other departments. Currently, concentrations have been developed in the following areas: Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Computational Biology, Chemical Biology, Immunology, Neurobiology, Biomaterials, Cell Physiology, and Plant Science.
A minor in biology is available to students in the Western Reserve Core. The minor requires a minimum of 16 credit hours in biology consisting of BIOL 110, 111 (Principles of Biology, Introductory Laboratory), plus at least 11 more credit hours in biology. Six of these 11 hours must be at the 200 level or above. Minor programs include options in human biology, natural history, neurobiology, plant sciences, molecular and cellular biology, genetics, biotechnology and genetic engineering, physiology, developmental biology, population biology, and environmental science. Suitable minor sequences are available for students majoring in the humanities and arts, social and behavioral sciences, health sciences, mathematics, chemistry, physics, and geological sciences.
Students who are non-science majors may fulfill the science core requirement by taking two semesters of biology or one semester of biology and one semester of another science. Students electing two semesters of biology may choose either of the following sequences: BIOL 110 and BIOL 101, BIOL 110 and 220, or BIOL 110 and 160. Students electing one semester of biology may choose either BIOL 110, BIOL 160, or BIOL 101.
To receive a bachelor's degree with honors in biology, the student must meet the following criteria:
- Maintain a 3.2 grade-point average, with a 3.5 in the major
- Write a senior honors thesis with the approval of the faculty supervisor
- Submit the thesis for review by an ad hoc Honors Committee
- Successfully defend the thesis at an oral examination
Bachelor of Arts Degree
FRESHMAN
Fall Semester
ENGL 150, Expository Writing (3)
BIOL 110, Principles of Biology (3)
BIOL 111, Introduction to Experimental Biology Laboratory (2)a
MATH 125, Mathematics I (4)
CHEM 105, Principles of Chemistry I (3)
CHEM 113, Principles of Chemistry Laboratory (2)
PHED 101, Physical Education Activities (0)
Spring Semester
BIOL 220, Organismal Biology (3) or
BIOL 215, Plant Biology (3)
BIOL 221, Physiology Lab (2)c
CHEM 106, Principles of Chemistry II (3)
MATH 126, Mathematics II (4)
Core Sequence II, III, or IV (3)
PHED 102, Physical Education Activities (0)
SOPHOMORE
Fall Semester
BIOL 210, Molecular Cell Biology (3)
BIOL 211, Cell Biology Laboratory (2)b
CHEM 223, Introductory Organic Chemistry I (3)
CHEM 233, Organic Chemistry Laboratory I (2)
Core Sequence II, III, or IV (3)
Core Sequence II, III, or IV (3)
Spring Semester
BIOL 205, Chemical Biology (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3) or BIOL lab (2)
CHEM 224, Introductory Organic Chemistry II(3)
Core Sequence II, III, or IV (3)
Core Sequence II, III, or IV (3)
Course in selected minor field (3)
JUNIOR
Fall Semester
BIOL 310, Population Biology (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3)
PHYS 115, Introductory Physics I (4)
Core Sequence II, III, or IV (3)
Course in selected minor field (3)
Elective (3)
Spring Semester
Approved BIOL elective (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3) or BIOL lab (2)
PHYS 116, Introductory Physics II (4)
Course in selected minor field (3)
Elective (3)
SENIOR
Fall Semester
Approved BIOL elective (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3) or
BIOL lab (2)
Course in selected minor field (3)
Electives (6)
Spring Semester
Approved BIOL elective (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3) or BIOL lab (2)
Course in selected minor field (3)
Electives (6)
a This requirement may be fulfilled by taking BIOL 211 and 221 at a later time.
b May be taken in a later semester. Recommended but not required if BIOL 111 and 221 are taken.
c May be taken in a later semester. Recommended but not required if BIOL 111 and 211 are taken.
- Biology (16 semster hours)
- BIOL 110, 111
- Eleven additional hours of BIOL, five of which must be at the 200 level or above.
FRESHMAN
Fall Semester
Open elective or humanities/social science (3)b
CHEM 105, Principles of Chemistry I (3)
CMPS 131, Elementary Computer Programming (3)
MATH 121, Calculus for Science and Engineering I (4)
ENGL 150, Expository Writing (3)
PHED 101, Physical Education Activities (0)
Spring Semester
Humanities/social science or open elective (3)b
CHEM 106, Principles of Chemistry II (3)
CHEM 113, Principles of Chemistry Laboratory (2)
MATH 122, Calculus for Science and Engineering II (4)
PHYS 120, General Physics I, Mechanics (4)c
PHED 102, Physical Education Activities (0)
SOPHOMORE
Fall Semester
Humanities or Social Science Sequence I (3)
BIOL 110, Principles of Biology (3)a
CHEM 323, Organic Chemistry I (3)
CHEM 233, Organic Chemistry Laboratory (2)
MATH 223, Calculus for Science and Engineering III (3)
PHYS 219, General Physics II, Electricity and Magnetism (4)
Spring Semester
Humanities or Social Science Sequence II (3)
BIOL 220, Organismal Biology (3) or BIOL 215, Plant Biology (3)
BIOL 221, Physiology Lab (2)
CHEM 324, Organic Chemistry II (3)d
MATH 224, Elementary Differential Equations (3)
PHYS 220, General Physics II, Modern Physics (3)
JUNIOR
Fall Semester
Humanities or Social Science Sequence III (3)
BIOL 211, Cell Biology Laboratory (2)
BIOL 210, Molecular Cell Biology (3)
Approved elective (3)
Approved elective (3)
CHEM 301, Introductory Physical Chemistry I (3)e
Spring Semester
Humanities or Social Science Sequence IV (3)
BIOL 205, Chemical Biology (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3) or BIOL lab (2)
CHEM 302, Introductory Physical Chemistry II (3)e
Approved BIOL elective (3)
Open elective (3)
SENIOR
Fall Semester
Humanities or social science elective (3)
BIOL 310, Population Biology (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3) or BIOL lab (2)
Approved BIOL elective (3)
Approved elective (3)
Open elective (3)
Open elective (1)
Spring Semester
Humanities or Social Science Elective (3)
BIOL 315, Quantitative Biology Laboratory (3)
Approved BIOL elective (3)
Approved elective (3)
Approved elective (3)
Open elective (3)
a Biology sequence may also be started in freshman year.
b One of these courses must be a humanities/social science elective.
c Selected students may be invited to take PHYS 125, 126 in place of PHYS 120 as an open elective.
d or CHEM 223, 224, 233
e or CHEM 335, 336
The Department of Biology offers both thesis and non-thesis Master of Science degree programs. Both programs require a minimum of 30 semester hours of courses at the 300 level or higher. A minimum of 18 semester hours of formal coursework is required for the thesis degree, and a minimum of 24 semester hours of formal coursework is required for the non-thesis degree. The remaining credits may be research credits (BIOL 601 and 651). Further information is available in the departmental office.
Students who are planning to enter the doctoral program in biology should obtain information from the departmental office. The Doctor of Philosophy degree in biology is granted upon the completion of original research under the guidance of a faculty member in the Department of Biology.
The research activities of faculty members within the Department of Biology cover a broad spectrum of interests. Collaborative research projects with faculty members in other departments provide for multidisciplinary approaches to important biological problems. Some areas of research are:
Biochemistry
Active research programs in biochemistry include studies of the solution conformations of peptides by spectroscopic and chemical methods; studies of the mechanism of regulation of proteolytic enzymes; isolation and characterization of hormone receptors; studies of the interaction of subunits in contractile proteins; studies of the mechanism of regulation of ATP hydrolysis by myosin; the biochemistry of glycoproteins; and the biochemistry of muscle, cartilage, bone, and connective tissues.
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Research includes: plant molecular biology, novel plant development, plant cell and tissue culture, developmental genetics, molecular mechanisms of RNA splicing, regulation of gene expression in plant systems, gene structure and function.
Cell and Molecular Biology and Cell Physiology
Research in these areas includes the chemistry and role of extracellular matrix components in cell development, physiology, and aging; muscle contraction and cell motility; the cellular activities of hormones; cell-cell recognition in plant systems; and regulation of proteolysis.
Developmental Biology
Research areas currently being investigated include molecular control of development of muscle, bone, and cartilage; control of flower development and plant reproduction; protein synthesis and chromatin structure and function; inductive factors in cell differentiation; factors that control morphogenesis; and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their role in skeletal tissue development, maintenance, and repair.
Ecology, Population Biology, and Environmental Science
Current research on campus and at the Biological Field Station includes spatial dynamics, seasonal succession, and life-history strategies of phytoplankton; spatial dynamics and community ecology of zooplankton; migration, community dynamics, and biogeography of old-field leaf hoppers; adaptive management of fisheries ecosystems, particularly in relation to Lake Erie; internalized management of resource ecosystems; modeling of aquatic ecosystems; and epidemiological studies of large human populations; population genetics and evolutionary relationships of aquatic animals based on DNA sequence data.
Genetics
Current areas of research are developmental genetics: regulation of gene expression during development and dissection of developmental processes by the isolation, characterization, and mapping of developmental mutants; characterization of the DNA changes observed during environmental induction of heritable changes in plants.
Neurobiology and Animal Behavior
Research activities include: behavioral and electrophysiological studies of animals with simple nervous systems; studies on the neural basis of behavior and integration of sensory input, and cellular dynamics of neuronal computation.
Physiology
Problems under consideration are the relationships of pituitary and steroid hormones to enzyme activity in the gonads and accessory organs; vertebrate breeding cycles; transduction of chemical energy into mechanical energy in muscle; and the mechanism of action of peptide hormones.
Plant Science
Research interests in this area include: plant molecular and developmental biology; regulation of gene expression in plant systems; the evolution of plant genomes; cell-cell recognition in plant systems; control of flower development and plant reproduction; genetics of disease resistance in plants; DNA changes associated with environmental induction of heritable changes in plants; synthesis of plant hormones; role of hormones in growth and development.
Biology (BIOL)
BIOL 101. Introduction to Biotech-nology (3).
The course aims to demystify the principles of recombinant DNA techniques and to explain applications in science and society. After a review of the basics of genetics and molecular biology, applications discussed will include the production of biopharmaceuticals, the construction and uses of transgenic animals and plants, diagnosis and therapy of human diseases, the Human Genome Project, forensic science, and bioremediation. Ethical aspects will be discussed. This course will fulfill one of the science requirements of the Western Reserve core, but will not count towards Biology major.
BIOL 110. Principles of Biology (3).
The unity of life at the cellular level. The diversity of life at the organismal level. Interactions of living things at the ecosystem level. Evolution and genetics are central themes.
BIOL 111. Introduction to Experimental Biology Laboratory (2).
Some concepts of classical and modern biology. Students carry out experiments including animal and plant structure and function, cell structure, metabolism, enzyme kinetics, membrane physiology, and genetics. One laboratory and one lecture/discussion per week. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 117. Introduction to Invertebrate Biology Laboratory (2).
The major focus of this course is to encourage awareness and enjoyment of the vast majority of the animal kingdom -- those without backbones. Through observation in the lab and in the field, we will explore the major invertebrate phyla. A large variety of living organisms will be available to study anatomy, physiology, ecology, and behavior. Emphasis will be placed on adaptive strategies of locomotion, reproduction, and feeding behaviors. Field trips will complement the knowledge gained in the classroom. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 119. Concepts for a Molecular View of Biology I (3).
Introduction to the principles of chemistry essential to understanding biochemistry and molecular biology. Topics covered include: bonding and structure of organic molecules; molecular quantitation including concept of the mole, calculations of molar equivalents, concentrations of ions and molecules in cells; effects of charge and polarity on properties of molecules; ionization and pH; and resonance. This course is a prerequisite for BIOL 121 and may serve as prerequisite to BIOL 205 with the consent of the instructor.
BIOL 121. Concepts for a Molecular View of Biology II (3).
This is the second semester of a two course sequence designed to introduce students to elementary principles of general chemistry, organic chemistry, and biochemistry. Topics covered include: properties of amino acids, ATP, and other important biological molecules; general principles of protein structure; properties of enzymes; the role of proteins and enzymes in physiological processes such as excretion, neurological function, digestion, the immune system, and reproduction; chemical structures of carbohydrates and fats; a survey of metabolism, including the chemical structure and function of several vitamins; and the chemical structure of the genetic material DNA and RNA. The principles of molecular biology are discussed, and the use of drugs in cancer briefly described. PREREQUISITE: BIOL 119 or one semester of general chemistry or consent of instructor. The sequence BIOL 119, 121 satisfies the natural science requirement of the LAMBDA core.
BIOL 146. Human Anatomy (2).
Gross anatomy of the human body. One lecture and one laboratory demonstration per week. Prerequisite: Enrollment in the B.S.N. program at the School of Nursing.
BIOL 147. Introduction to Human Physiology (3).
This course presents a description of the organ systems of the human body at an introductory level. The course attempts to survey all of the major systems and describe how these systems are integrated to maintain a homeostatic state. Although this is a basic physiology course, where possible discussion of the impact of physiological systems on disease is presented. This course coordinates closely with BIOL 146, Human Anatomy.
BIOL 160. Human Biology (3).
An overview of biological principles with primary emphasis on human form, function, and interactions with the environment. Topics of lecture, film, and discussion may include human anatomy and physiology, frontiers in medical diagnosis and treatment, AIDS, cancer, microbial diseases and control, genetic engineering, eating for health, chemical additives, our aging population, and the effects of stress on the human body. For the non-science major, does not count toward the hours for the Biology major. No prerequisites.
BIOL 205. Chemical Biology (3).
This course surveys basic principles of biochemistry. It begins with chemical equilibrium and equilibrium processes encountered in biological systems such as the charge-pH dependence of amino acids, polypeptides, and proteins; equilibrium binding, binding constant, number of binding sites, and whether binding is cooperative or non-cooperative. Enzymatic catalysis and control of biological reactions in terms of chemical kinetics are discussed next, with emphasis on obtaining the functional parameters Vmax and Km. The chemical properties of proteins, methods for their isolation, the various levels of protein structure, and the relationships of structure to biological function are examined for myoglobin and hemoglobin. The second major topic is the chemistry and function of nucleic acids -- an area commonly called molecular biology. The chemical structures and properties of nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleic acids are described. The biosynthesis and biological functions of DNA and RNA and the relationship of their function to structure are discussed. The nature of the genetic code relating DNA sequence information to protein sequence, the flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein synthesis will also be examined. Chemical composition and properties of biological membranes. Chemical structure and properties of carbohydrates. Finally, the topic of bioenergetics will be introduced by discussing elementary thermodynamics, the free energy associated with hydrolysis of different bond types, the structure and role of ATP, and a few important biochemical pathways. Prerequisite: One semester of organic chemistry (CHEM 223 or 323) or consent of instructor.
BIOL 210. Molecular Cell Biology (3).
The structure and function of living cells from a molecular perspective. Nature, organization, and expression of genetic information; modern molecular techniques, including recombinant DNA; structure and function of plasma membrane and intracellular organelles; membrane transport; hormone action; growth, DNA replication, cell cycle; synthesis, targeting and secretion of proteins; cytoskeleton and cell movement; retroviruses, cellular immunology, molecular and cellular basis of cancer, AIDS, and other diseases. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 211. Laboratory in Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology (2).
Section 1: cell fractionation and cell-cell interactions, using differential centrifugation, sucrose gradient fractionation by ultracentrifugation, radioimmunoassay, g-counting, cell separation on Percoll gradients, and microscopy. Section 2: protein purification, enzyme assay, and enzyme characterization, using gel filtration, electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography, and spectrophotometry. Section 3: protein synthesis and the structure of a gene, using radioisotope labeling and counting, restriction enzyme analysis of DNA structure, and autoradiography. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 215. Plant Biology (3).
An introduction to the physiology, diversity, and ecology of flowering plants and gymnosperms. The course will examine plant function as it relates to the growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction of plants. Topics will include plant anatomy and cell architecture, plants and civilization, photosynthesis, flowering and reproduction, synthesis and translocation of nutrients, hormones and light responses, stress physiology, plant defense mechanisms, plant-pathogens and symbionts, the evolution and diversity of plants, plant ecology, and prospects for improving plants through classical genetics and genetic engineering. This course may substitute for BIOL 220 for the Biology major. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 220. Organismal Biology: Structure, Function, and Development (3).
Comparative approach to the study of animal development and physiology. Design and function of organ systems to deal with constraints imposed by the organism and by its environment. Mechanisms and patterns of development. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 221. Physiology Laboratory (2).
Organismal physiology. Experiments in development, temperature regulation osmoregulation, excretion, circulation, neuro- and muscle physiology using a variety of vertebrate and invertebrate species. Students become familiar with techniques routinely employed in physiological research. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 220 or EBME 201, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 223. Introduction to Vertebrate Biology Laboratory (3).
Detailed anatomy of representative vertebrates, including the lamprey, dogfish shark, mud puppy, and rabbit. The evolution of structural specializations and their functional roles. One laboratory and one lecture per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 301. Biotechnology Laboratory: Genes and Genetic Engineering (3).
Laboratory training in recombinant DNA techniques, including polymerase chain reaction, growth, and manipulation of bacteriophage, bacteria, and yeast. Students isolate and characterize DNA, construct recombinant DNA molecules, and re-introduce them into eukaryotic cells (yeast, plant, animal) to assess their viability and function. Two laboratories per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 305. Herpetology (4).
Structure, function, and identification of amphibians and reptiles; emphasis on North American herpetofauna. Evolution, anatomy, and systematics of the major families of amphibians and reptiles. Physiological ecology: temperature regulation, water balance, energy balance, and sensory mechanisms. Behavior, reproductive and population biology, including communication, defense, color and pattern, migration, courtship and breeding behavior. Three hours per week will be devoted to special topics, including: species identification using dichotomous keys; detailed life histories of native Ohio amphibians and reptiles: internal anatomy; field survey techniques; behavioral observations of live animals; and films on physiological ecology, reproductive biology, social behavior, and life strategies. Three lectures and one session on special topics per week. Several weekend field trips. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 306. Plant Biotechnology (3).
Basic and applied areas of plant biology upon which recombinant DNA techniques impact. Applications of the principles and methods of genetic engineering to specific areas of agritechnology. Levels of impact of biotechnology on plants. Biology of some model systems and economically important plants. Plant-microbe interactions (e.g., nitrogen fixation).
Plant tissue culture: methods, limitations, and potential. Plant genetic engineering: Ti plasmid and other systems. Photosynthesis and its modification. Pest and pathogen resistance. Adaptation to stress. Plant breeding programs.
BIOL 307. Evolutionary Biology and Paleobiology of the Invertebrates (3).
Important events in the evolution of invertebrate life; structure, function, and phylogeny of major invertebrate groups.
BIOL 310. Population Biology (3).
Evolutionary approach to the study of animal populations. Speciation, population growth and regulation, ecology, popoulation genetics, and sociobiology. Prerequisite: BIOL 110, one year of mathematics, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 311. Field Biology Laboratory (2).
This course consists of three projects to study taxonomy, abundance, density, and distribution of plants in two terrestrial systems at Squire Valleevue Farm, Ohio, with particular emphasis on tree and shrub species. For each project, there will be one or two workshop sections to help in the analysis and interpretation of data. Throughout the course, students will use personal computers to aid the analysis of field data. A final report and presentation are required for each project. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 313. Genetics Laboratory (2).
This laboratory exposes students to the methods used to study the genetics of a wide range of organisms. Some of the topics covered are: gene mapping in diploids, tetrad analysis, mutagenesis, complementation, and Mendelian genetics. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between the genotype and the biochemical events which determine the phenotype. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite BIOL 210. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 326.
BIOL 314. Laboratory in Physical and Chemical Properties of Biological Macromolecules (2).
Laboratory in data analysis derived from methods used in examining the structure and function of biological macromolecules. Topics selected from sedimentation velocity and equilibrium, viscometry, light scattering, circular dichroism, fluorescence quenching, fluorescence energy transfer, x-ray crystallography, and NMR methods, molecular graphics and structure simulations. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOC/BIOL 334/434 or BIOC 312/412.
BIOL 315. Quantitative Biology Labora-tory (3).
Application of personal computers to biological research. Structured programming, statistical techniques, experimental design, and modeling strategies. One lecture and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 110, one year of mathematics, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 316. Fundamental Immunology (3).
Introductory immunology providing an overview of the immune system, including activation, effector mechanisms, and regulation. Topics include antigen-antibody reactions, immunologically important cell surface receptors, cell-cell interactions, cell-mediated immunity and basic molecular biology of B and T lymphocytes. Lectures emphasize experimental findings leading to the concepts of modern immunology. Prerequisite: BIOL 210.
BIOL 326. Genetics (3).
Nature and mechanism of mutation; DNA repair; microbial genetics, molecular genetics, and gene expression; Mendelian and non-Mendelian transmission genetics in eukaryotes. Recombinant DNA techniques and their applications in research, agriculture, and medicine. Contemporary research topics by guest lecturers. Prerequisite: BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 328. Ethics In Science (3).
This course is a survey of key ethical and value issues in science. Topics to be covered may include: research with human subjects; research with animals; scientific misconduct, including fraud; the role of science in society; opposition to science based on alternative value systems; the historical context of contemporary science; relationships between science and industry, including potential conflicts of interest; the social responsibilities of scientists; science and government; the use of science in public policy, including controversies over smoking and lung cancer, asbestos, and global warming; and the scientist as "hired gun." Extensive student participation is expected.
BIOL 329. Laboratory for Plant Physiol- ogy (2).
The study of plant growth. Plant nutrition, growth of whole plants and of excised organs and tissue, hormonal and environmental control of plant growth, and related topics. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 330 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 330. Plant Physiology (3).
Principles of plant physiology and biochemistry. The uptake, transport, and utilization of mineral nutrients and water. The molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of photosynthesis, including the transport of carbon compounds, is emphasized. The control of plant growth, development, and reproduction is a major component of the course. The reception of environmental signals which control those processes and the biochemical transduction of those signals to effect biological responses are considered. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 and 205 or BIOL 110 and organic chemistry, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 333. Molecular Biology: Genes & Genetic Engineering (4).
Synthesis of nucleotides; mechanism and control of DNA, RNA, and protein biosynthesis; recombinant DNA, mRNA processing and modification, effects of hemin or interferon treatment on protein synthesis. Where possible, eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems are analyzed for similarities and differences. Current literature is discussed briefly as an introduction to current techniques and methodologies in genetic engineering. Prerequisite: BIOL 205, or BIOC 307, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 334. Proteins and Enzymes (3).
Protein and enzyme structure, mechanisms, and kinetics; role of coenzymes and metal ions; principles of methodologies and structure-function relationships. Prerequisite: BIOL 205, or BIOC 307, or consent of instructor
BIOL 336. Aquatic Biology (3).
Physical, chemical, and biological dynamics of lake ecosystems, particularly large lake systems such as the Great Lakes. Factors governing the distribution, abundance, and diversity of freshwater organisms. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 337. Marine Ecology (3).
Survey of physical, chemical, and biological aspects of major marine habitats. Distribution, community structure, and adaptive strategies of marine organisms. Local and global cycles of materials through marine ecosystems. Prerequisite: GEOL 307, or BIOL 110, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 338. Laboratory for Human Physiology (2).
Physiological experiments on each of the major organ systems are performed using humans, rats, amphibians, and reptiles for experiments. A project in reproductive physiology is completed by each student. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 340 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 340. Human Physiology (3).
Physiology of organs and organ systems of humans and other mammals. Prerequisite: BIOL 110, BIOL 205, CHEM 224, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 343. Microbiology (3).
An introduction to the physiology, genetics, biochemistry, and diversity of microorganisms. The subject will be approached as both a basic biological science that studies the molecular and biochemical processes of cells, and as an applied science that examines the involvement of microorganisms in human disease and in the workings of ecosystems, plant symbioses, and industrial processes. Topics will include the structure and anatomy of cells and viruses, microbial growth and diversity, the genetic basis of growth and development, bioenergetics, the immune system, pathogens that cause disease in animals and plants, clinical microbiology, biotechnological applications of microbes, and microorganisms that interact with the environment. Prerequisite: BIOL 205 or BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 344. Laboratory for Microbiology (2).
An emphasis on bacteria as encountered in environmental, clinical, and research applications. Sterile techniques, principles of identification, staining and microscopy, growth and nutritional characteristics, genetics, enumeration methods, epidemiology, immunological techniques (including Ouchterlony gel diffusion method and human blood antigens), antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, chemical diagnostic tests, sampling the human environment, and commercial applications. One laboratory per week. Corequisite: BIOL 343 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 345. Introduction to Human Genetics (3).
The course will examine several principles of genetics as they apply to humans. These will include principles applicable to individuals: meiosis, mitosis, gene expression; to families: transmission of genes from parent to offspring, Mendel's laws of inheritance, linkage analysis, pedigree analysis, mutations; and to populations: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, consanguinity, and selection. The course will also introduce the gene complexes involved in immune regulation, oncogenes, interesting phenomena associated with these genes, applications of genetic tests, and the prospects for gene therapy. Prerequisite: BIOL 210.
BIOL 346. Human Anatomy (2).
Gross anatomy of the human body. One lecture and one laboratory demonstration per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 110.
BIOL 348. Human Anatomy and Physiology (4-5).
The anatomy and physiology of the human body. Enrollment is restricted to students majoring in nutrition. Four lectures and one laboratory per week.
BIOL 350. Introduction to Ecosystem Analysis and Environmental Science (3).
Reviews major ecological theories and principles through analysis of contemporary environmental problems. Exploration of difficulties in applying scientific information to public policy formation and the role of computer models in linking theory and practice in managing the environment. Two lectures and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 358. Animal Behavior (3).
Introduction to ethology, the study of animal behavior. Physiological, developmental, and ecological aspects of behavior from an evolutionary perspective. Innate vs. learned components of behavior, predator/prey interactions, and social behavior and communication. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 359. Cell Physiology (3).
Membrane structure and organization. Lipid-protein interaction. Bioenergetics. Transport across biological membranes. Cell communications. Intracellular signals. Cell excitation and synaptic transmission. Cell contraction. Cell secretion. Prerequisite: BIOL 205 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 362. Principles of Developmental Biology (3).
The descriptive and experimental aspects of animal development. Gametogenesis, fertilization, cleavage, morphogenesis, induction, differentiation, organogenesis, growth, and regeneration. Prerequisite: BIOL 210, BIOL 220, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 364. Endocrinology (3).
Basic physiology of regulation by hormones of the development, growth, metabolism, excretion, digestion, and reproduction in vertebrates and invertebrates. Neural regulation of endocrine secretion and the action of hormones at the cell level. Prerequisite: BIOL 205 and CHEM 224, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 370. Ecology (3).
Basic principles underlying diversity, distribution, and abundance of organisms. Prerequisite BIOL 220 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 373. Introduction to Neurobiology (3).
How nervous systems control behavior. Biophysical and biochemical properties of nerve cells, their organization into circuitry, and their function within networks. Emphasis on quantitative methods for modeling neurons and networks in order to understand their computational properties. Specific systems in which these methods have been applied. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 374. Neurobiology of Behavior (3).
Various animal systems will be studied from two perspectives. Description of specific behavioral activities and their significance to the animal's life, followed by investigation of underlying neural circuitry responsible for controlling the behavior. Discussion of how animals process sensory information and use it to control behaviorally significant activities. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 376. Neurobiology Laboratory (3).
Introduction to the basic laboratory techniques of neurobiology. Intracellular and extracellular recording techniques, forms of synaptic plasticity, patch clamping, and immunohistochemistry. During the latter weeks of the course students will be given the opportunity to conduct an independent project. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 377. Selected Topics in Advanced Physiology (2).
Cellular neurobiology. Prerequisite: BIOL 220.
BIOL 378. Computational Neuroscience (3).
(Also listed as CMPS 478, EBME 478, and NEUR 478).
Computational properties of nervous systems. Modeling and simulation of neurobiological systems. Cable theory. Passive and active compartmental modeling. Numerical integration methods. Simulation tools. Models of neuronal development, plasticity, and learning. Models of small neural circuits. Neuronal dynamics. Models of brain systems. Relationship to simplified neural networks.
BIOL 380. Introduction to Neuro-pharmacology (3).
This course focuses on the principles of drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. Current theories on the mechanisms through which therapeutic agents and drugs of abuse affect brain chemistry and behavior are presented. Among the topics to be covered are receptor-ligand interaction/tolerance; neuroanatomy, electrophysiology, and neurotransmitters; receptors/second messengers: dopamine and Parkinson's Disease: antischizophrenic agents; amphetamine, cocaine, alcohol, psychedelics, and other agents. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 382. Issues in Plant Biotechnology (3).
Basic and applied issues in plant biotechnology ranging from plant molecular biology to advanced agronomic systems. Lectures and discussions of relevant research papers in a seminar format.
BIOL 383. Seminar in Plant Science (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 384. Seminar in Cell and Molecular Biology (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 385. Seminar in Organismal Biology (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 386. Seminar in Behavior (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 387. Seminar in Population Biology (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 388. Undergraduate Research (Credit as arranged).
Guided laboratory research under the sponsorship of a biology faculty member. May be carried out within the Biology Department or in associated departments. May be taken only one semester during the student's academic career. Appropriate forms must be secured in the Biology Department office. A written report must be approved by the Biology Sponsor and submitted to the chair of the Biology Department before credit is granted. Prerequisite: consent of department chair.
BIOL 389. Selected Topics in Biology (Credit as arranged).
Individual library research project under the guidance of a Biology Sponsor. A major paper must be submitted and approved before credit is awarded. Prerequisite: consent of department chair.
BIOL 390. Advanced Undergraduate Research (Credit as arranged).
Offered on a credit only basis. Students may carry out research in biology or related departments, but a Biology Sponsor is required. Does not count toward the 30 hours required for a major in biology, but may be counted toward the total number of hours required for graduation. A written report must be submitted to the office of the chair and approved before credit is granted. Prerequisite: consent of department chair.
BIOL 401. Biotechnology Laboratory: Genes and Genetic Engineering (3).
Laboratory training in recombinant DNA techniques, including polymerase chain reaction, growth, and manipulation of bacteriophage, bacteria and yeast. Students isolate and characterize DNA, construct recombinant DNA molecules, and re-introduce them into eukaryotic cells (yeast, plant, animal) to assess their viability and function. Two laboratories per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 406. Plant Biotechnology (3).
Basic and applied areas of plant biology upon which recombinant DNA techniques impact. Applications of the principles and methods of genetic engineering to specific areas of agritechnology. Levels of impact of biotechnology on plants. Biology of some model systems and economically important plants. Plant-microbe interactions (e.g., nitrogen fixation).
Plant tissue culture: methods, limitations and potential. Plant genetic engineering: Ti plasmid and other systems. Photosynthesis and its modification. Pest and pathogen resistance. Adaptation to stress. Plant breeding programs.
BIOL 407. General Biochemistry (4).
(See BIOC 407.)
BIOL 414. Laboratory in Physical and Chemical Properties of Biological Macromolecules (2).
Laboratory in data analysis derived from methods used in examining the structure and function of biological macromolecules. Topics selected from sedimentation velocity and equilibrium, viscometry, light scattering, circular dichroism, fluorescence quenching, fluorescence energy transfer, x-ray crystallography, and NMR methods, molecular graphics and structure simulations.
BIOL 415. Quantitative Biology Labora-tory (3).
Application of personal computers to biological research. Structured programming, statistical techniques, experimental design, and modeling strategies. Students complete a major analysis project of their choosing in addition to the work required in BIOL 315. One lecture and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 416. Fundamental Immunology (3).
Introductory immunology providing an overview of the immune system, including activation, effector mechanisms, and regulation. Topics include antigen-antibody reactions, immunologically important cell surface receptors, cell-cell interactions, cell-mediated immunity and basic molecular biology of B and T lymphocytes. Lectures emphasize experimental findings leading to the concepts of modern immunology. A term paper is required. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 426. Genetics (3).
Nature and mechanism of mutation; DNA repair; microbial genetics, molecular genetics, and gene expression; Mendelian and non-Mendelian transmission genetics in eukaryotes. Recombinant DNA techniques and their applications in research, agriculture, and medicine. Contemporary research topics by guest lecturers. Prerequisite BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 427. Development and Aging in the Nervous System (3).
(See NEUR 427.)
BIOL 428. Ethics In Science (3).
This course is a survey of key ethical and value issues in science. Topics to be covered may include: research with human subjects; research with animals; scientific misconduct, including fraud; the role of science in society; opposition to science based on alternative value systems; the historical context of contemporary science; relationships between science and industry, including potential conflicts of interest; the social responsibilities of scientists; science and government; the use of science in public policy, including controversies over smoking and lung cancer, asbestos, and global warming; and the scientist as "hired gun." Extensive student participation is expected. A substantial research paper or other project is required.
BIOL 430. Plant Physiology (3).
Principles of plant physiology and biochemistry. The uptake, transport, and utilization of mineral nutrients and water. The molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of photosynthesis, including the transport of carbon compounds, is emphasized. The control of plant growth, development, and reproduction is a major component of the course. The reception of environmental signals which control the processes and the biochemical transduction of those signals to effect biological responses are considered. Prerequisites: Organic chemistry or biochemistry and consent of instructor.
BIOL 431. Statistical Methods in Biological and Medical Sciences I (3).
Application of statistical techniques, with particular emphasis on problems in the biomedical sciences. Basic probability theory, random variables, and distribution functions. Point and interval estimation, regression, correlation, and analysis of variance. Problems whose solution involves using packaged statistical programs. Prerequisite: Two semesters of calculus or consent of instructor.
BIOL 432. Statistical Methods in Biological and Medical Sciences II (3).
Methods of analysis of variance, regression and analysis of quantitative data. Emphasis on computer solution of problems drawn from the biomedical sciences. Design of experiments, power of tests, and adequacy of models. Prerequisite: BIOL 431 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 433. Molecular Biology: Genes & Genetic Engineering (4).
Synthesis of nucleotides; mechanism and control of DNA, RNA, and protein biosynthesis; recombinant DNA, mRNA processing and modification, effects of hemin or interferon treatment on protein synthesis. Where possible, eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems are analyzed for similarities and differences. Current literature is discussed briefly as an introduction to current techniques and methodologies in genetic engineering. Prerequisite: BIOL 205, or BIOC 307, or consent of instructor.
BIOL 434. Proteins and Enzymes (3).
Protein and enzyme structure mechanisms and kinetics; role of coenzymes and metal ions; principles of methodologies and structure-function relationships. Prerequisite: BIOL 205, or BIOC 307, or consent of instructor
BIOL 436. Advanced Aquatic Biology (3).
Physical, chemical, and biological dynamics of lake ecosystems, particularly large lake systems such as the Great Lakes. Factors governing the distribution, abundance, and diversity of freshwater organisms. Prerequisite: BIOL 110 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 443. Microbiology (3).
An introduction to the physiology, genetics, biochemistry, and diversity of microorganisms. The subject will be approached as both a basic biological science that studies the molecular and biochemical processes of cells, and as an applied science that examines the involvement of microorganisms in human disease and in the workings of ecosystems, plant symbioses, and industrial processes. Topics will include the structure and anatomy of cells and viruses, microbial growth and diversity, the genetic basis of growth and development, bioenergetics, the immune system, pathogens that cause disease in animals and plants, clinical microbiology, biotechnological applications of microbes, and microorganisms that interact with the environment. Prerequisite: BIOL 205 or BIOL 210 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 445. Introduction to Human Genetics (3).
The course will examine several principles of genetics as they apply to humans. These will include principles applicable to individuals: meiosis, mitosis, gene expression; to families: transmission of genes from parent to offspring, Mendel's laws of inheritance, linkage analysis, pedigree analysis, mutations; and to populations: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, consanguinity, and selection. The course will also introduce the gene complexes involved in immune regulation, oncogenes, interesting phenomena associated with these genes, applications of genetic tests, and the prospects for gene therapy. Prerequisite: BIOL 210.
BIOL 457. Physical Chemistry of Biological Systems (3).
See PHOL 456.
BIOL 459. Cell Physiology (3).
Membrane structure and organization. Lipid-protein interaction. Bioenergetics. Transport across biological membranes. Cell communications. Intracellular signals. Cell excitation and synaptic transmission. Cell contraction. Cell secretion. Prerequisite: BIOL 205 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 460. Introduction to Molecular Biology (3).
Lecture/discussion course. Designed to provide students with a basic understanding of molecular biological methods and experimental design. RNA isolation and purification/Clone isolation and identification/DNA sequencing and mutagenesis/DNA vectors/Regulation of gene expression/Molecular studies of protein structure and function/Use of transgenic animals/in situ hybridization. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 464. Problems of Mammalian Reproduction (3).
(Also listed as ANAT 464.) Studies of the physiology of pregnancy, spermatozoa, metabolism, ovaries, and testes. Topics to be selected. Prerequisite: BIOL 364 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 465. Endocrinology (3).
Basic physiology of regulation by hormones of the development, growth, metabolism, excretion, digestion, and reproduction in vertebrates. Neural regulation of endocrine secretion and the action of hormones at the cell level. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 473. Introduction to Neurobiology (3).
How nervous systems control behavior. Biophysical and biochemical properties of nerve cells, their organization into circuitry, and their function within networks. Emphasis on quantitative methods for modeling neurons and networks in order to understand their computational properties. Specific systems in which these methods have been applied. Term paper required. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 474. Neurobiology of Behavior (3).
Various animal systems will be studied from two perspectives. Description of specific behavioral activities and their significance to the animal's life, followed by investigation of underlying neural circuitry responsible for controlling the behavior. Discussion of how animals process sensory information and use it to control behaviorally significant activities. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 476. Neurobiology Laboratory (3).
Introduction to the basic laboratory techniques of neurobiology. Intracellular and extracellular recording techniques, forms of synaptic plasticity, patch clamping, and immunohistochemistry. During the latter weeks of the course students will be given the opportunity to conduct an independent project. One laboratory per week. Prerequisite: BIOL 220 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 477. Selected Topics in Advanced Physiology (2).
Cellular neurobiology.
BIOL 478. Computational Neuroscience (3).
(Also listed as CMPS 478, EBME 478, and NEUR 478) Computational properties of nervous systems. Modeling and simulation of neurobiological systems. Cable theory. Passive and active compartmental modeling. Numerical integration methods. Simulation tools. Models of neuronal development, plasticity, and learning. Models of small neural circuits. Neuronal dynamics. Models of brain systems. Relationship to simplified neural networks.
BIOL 479. Seminar in Computational Neuroscience (3).
(Also listed as CMPS 479, EBME 479, and NEUR 479).
Research topics in computational neuroscience. Topics vary from year to year. Course consists of group discussions of classic and recent papers in the field and a computer project. Prerequisite: BIOL 478 or consent of instructor.
BIOL 480. Physiology of Organ Systems (3).
This course presents an advanced introduction to the fundamental physiological principles governing major organ systems of mammals. The function of the nervous, endocrine, digestive, muscle, circulatory, respiratory, and urinary systems will be discussed. At the conclusion of the semester integrative aspects of the major organ systems will be illustrated through a consideration of exercise physiology. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 482. Topics in Plant Biotechnology (3).
Basic and applied issues in plant biotechnology ranging from plant molecular biology to advanced agronomic systems. Lectures and discussions of relevant research papers in a seminar format.
BIOL 485. Seminar in Organismal Biology (2).
BIOL 531. Seminar in Experimental Ecology (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 540. Seminar in Molecular Biology (Credit as arranged).
Weekly discussion on current research in molecular biology. Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
BIOL 541. Seminar in Genetics. (Credit as arranged).
Discussion of classic and current research papers in genetics and development.
BIOL 550. Seminar in Experimental Biology (Credit as arranged).
(Also listed as ANAT 550.) Weekly discussion on current research and the experimental basis of biology.
BIOL 552. Seminar in Developmental Biology (Credit as arranged).
(Also listed as ANAT 552.) Topics pertaining to the field of development, such as regeneration, induction, etc., concerning vertebrate and invertebrate forms.
BIOL 569. Advanced Seminar in Developmental Biology (Credit as arranged).
(Also listed as ANAT 569.) Participants prepare and present seminars on subjects of contemporary interest and importance in developmental biology.
BIOL 601. Research in Biology (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 651. Thesis (M.S.) (Credit as arranged).
BIOL 701. Dissertation (Ph.D.) (Credit as arranged).
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